This article identifies the key factors either supporting or blocking the implementation of the Right to the City concept in the urban planning systems of Brazil and Poland. Poland and Brazil, despite some differences, can be compared from the perspective of selected features of spatial planning systems. A characterisation of the spatial planning systems of both countries, including their legal and socio-political conditions, is made. The article identifies these institutional challenges and barriers in both national spatial planning systems, which can be linked to a discussion of the Right to the City concept. It then analyses how elements of the Right to the City concept are implemented in each system and what constitutes the main barrier. Those elements of the Right to the City concept that can be more universally compared were identified. The commonalities and discrepancies found in the two systems are then discussed. In Brazil, the Right to the City concept is much more strongly framed in formal and legal terms, but market and social inequalities are a barrier to its implementation. In Poland, on the other hand, there is a broader institutional inertia in the implementation of the concept. In both countries, there are serious (different) barriers related to the implementation of the Right to the City concept in the urban planning system.
Apostolopoulou, E., & Kotsila, P. (2022). Community gardening in Hellinikon as a resistance struggle against neoliberal urbanism: Spatial autogestion and the Right to the City in post-crisis Athens, Greece. Urban Geography, 43(2), 293-319. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2020.1863621
Bacqué, M.-H., & Gauthier, M. (2017). Participation, urban planning, and urban studies: Four decades of debates and experiments since SR Arnstein's "A ladder of citizen participation". Dialogues in Urban and Regional Planning, 6, 49-79. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399720957606
Bailey, N. (2019). The Right to the City: Evaluating the changing role of community participation in urban planning in England. In M. E., Leary-Owhin & J. P., McCarthy (Eds.). The Routledge Handbook of Henri Lefebvre. The City and Urban Society (pp. 422-431). London: Routledge.
Baker, D., Marston, G., & McClure, L. (2013). Synergies and goal conflicts for climate change policy and spatial planning. Proceedings REAL CORP 2013 Tagungsband, 871-877.
Binandeh, M., Mahmoodi, J., & Sanaee, A. (2020). Urban Spatial Policies and the Right to the City: Institutional Ethnography of subalterns Urban Neighborhoods (Case study: Old neighborhoods of Aghazman, Qatarchian, Jurabad and Korabad in Sanandaj). Sociology of Culture and Art, 2(3), 48-26. https://doi.org/10.34785/j016.2021.592
Bonfert, B. (2021). 'The real power must be in the base' - Decentralised collective intellectual leadership in the European Action Coalition for the Right to Housing and to the City. Capital & Class, 45(4), 523-542. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309816821997117
Campos, A. C. (2020, November 12). IBGE: Informalidade atinge 41, 6% dos trabalhadores no país em 2019. Agência Brasil. Retrieved from https://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/economia/noticia/2020-11/ibge-informalidade-atinge-416-dos-trabalhadores-no-pais-em-2019
Canzian, F. (2021). Total de favelas dobra no Brasil em dez anos e 20 milhões estão passando fome. Folha de S. Paulo. Retrieved from https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mercado/2021/10/total-de-favelas-dobra-no-brasil-em-dez-anos-e-20-milhoes-estao-passando-fome.shtml
Castro Seixas, E. (2021). Urban (digital) play and Right to the City: A critical perspective. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 636111. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.636111
Cesar, P. S. M., & Almeida, G. H. M. D. (2017). Reflexões sobre o planejamento urbano sustentável e o direito à cidade em Bento Rodrigues/Brasil e em Kiruna/Suécia [Reflections about sustainable urban planning and the right to the city in Bento Rodrigues/Brazil and Kiruna/Sweden]. Revista De Direito Da Cidade, 9(3), 893-911. https://doi.org/10.12957/rdc.2017.27957
Churski, P. (2022). Miasto a sprawiedliwość społeczna w ujęciu terytorialnym. In M., Nowak (Ed.). Prawo do miasta a wyzwania polityki miejskiej w Polsce (pp. 129-177). Warsaw: Scholar.
de Frantz, M. (2022). The Politics of the EU Urban Agenda: Mobilising the 'Right to the City' for European Governance? Urban Research & Practice, 15(5), 655-678. https://doi.org/10.1080/17535069.2021.1896029
Eshtiaghi, M., & Sharepour, M. (2021). In Research of a Conceptual Model of the Idea of the Right to the City in Urban Policy. Journal of Sustainable Urban & Regional Development Studies, 1(2), 67-84.
Friendly, A. (2017). Urban Policy, Social Movements, and the Right to the City in Brazil. Latin American Perspectives, 44(2), 132-148. https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X16675572
Guedes, M. (2021). Mercado imobiliário prevê alta de mais de R$ 11 bilhões em vendas no Brasil neste ano. CNN Brasil. Retrieved from https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/business/mercado-imobiliariopreve-alta-de-mais-de-11-bilhoes-em-todo-brasil/
Harvey, D. (2008) The right to the city. New Left Review, 53, 23-40.
Hausner, J. (2022). Podsumowanie. Prawo do miasta - Między neutralizacją zagrożeń i pobudzaniem rozwoju. In M., Nowak (Ed.). Prawo do miasta a wyzwania polityki miejskiej w Polsce (pp. 240). Warsaw: Scholar.
Heidari, M. T., Mohamadi, S., & Rahmani, M. (2021). Monitoring the Theory of the Right to the City in Reproducing Age-Friendly Space of the City (Case study: Worn-Out Texture of Central District of Zanjan). Human Geography Research, 53(1), 195-212. https://doi.org/10.22059/jhgr.2019.278353.1007891
Hsu, A. (2021). The Right to the City: San Francisco's Chinatown Before and after the 1906 Earthquake. Scripps Senior Theses, 1606. Retrieved from https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1606/
Izdebski, H. (2022). Prawo do miasta - kontekst prawny. In M., Nowak (Ed.). Prawo do miasta a wyzwania polityki miejskiej w Polsce (pp. 32-53). Warsaw: Scholar.
Kaczmarek, T. (2022). Prawo do miasta - perspektywa metropolitalna. In M., Nowak (Ed.). Prawo do miasta a wyzwania polityki miejskiej w Polsce (pp. 105-128). Warsaw: Scholar.
Karlsson, F. (2020). P as in People; An exploration of how the Right to the City can take spatial form by the redesign of a parking garage. Master's Thesis, Chalmers School of Architecture, Göteborg. Retrieved from: https://odr.chalmers.se/items/d8342d03-90d8-4ca1-93df-15571eacaf94
Kowalewski, A., & Nowak, M. J. (2018). Chaos przestrzenny i prawo: Uwarunkowania, procesy, skutki, rekomendacje. Warsaw: Komitet Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN.
Leary-Owhin, M. E., & McCarthy, J. P. (Eds.) (2020). The Routledge Handbook of Henri Lefebvre, The City and Urban Society. London: Routledge.
Manzi, M., Figueiredo, G. C. D. S., Mourad, L. N., & Rebouças, T. D. M. (2018). Neighbourhood planning and the Right to the City: Confronting neoliberal state urban practices in Salvador, Brazil. International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development, 10(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/19463138.2018.1433677
Maricato, E. (2010). The Statute of the Peripheral City. In The City Statute of Brazil: A commentary (pp. 5-22). São Paulo: Cities Alliance and Ministry of Cities.
Markowski, T., & Nowak, M. (2022). Koncepcja prawa do miasta w polskim systemie planowania przestrzennego. Wymiar ekonomiczny, prawny i polityczny. In M., Nowak (Ed.). Prawo do miasta a wyzwania polityki miejskiej w Polsce (pp. 9-31). Warsaw: Scholar.
Matyja, R. (2022). Prawo do miasta widziane z prowincji. In M., Nowak (Ed.). Prawo do miasta a wyzwania polityki miejskiej w Polsce (pp. 178-201). Warsaw: Scholar.
McRobert, M. H. (2013). Practice Resurrection: Urban Planning, the Right to the City, and Transformative Social Justice. Master's Thesis, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.
Meshkini, A., Zarghamfard, M., & Kahaki, F. (2021). A comparative study of the Right to the City in Iran. GeoJournal, 87, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-021-10421-6
Nadin, V., & Stead, D. (2013). Opening up the compendium: An evaluation of international comparative planning research methodologies. European Planning Studies, 21(10), 1542-1561. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2012.722958
Nadin, V., Fernández Maldonado, A. M., Zonneveld, W., Stead, D., Dąbrowski, M., Piskorek, K., Sarkar, A., Schmitt, P., Smas, L., & Cotella, G. (2018). COMPASS - Comparative Analysis of Territorial Governance and Spatial Planning Systems in Europe: Applied Research 2016-2018. ESPON EGTC.
Novotný, L., Kulla, M., Nestorová Dická, J., & Pregi, L. (2023). Three decades of economic changes of rural Slovakia. Europa XXI, 44. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.44.7
Nowak, M. (2021). The Spatial Management System in Poland: The Categorisation of the Problem from the Perspective of the Literature on the Subject. Zarządzanie Publiczne, 1(55), 23-34. https://doi.org/10.15678/ZP.2021.55.1.03
Nowak, M. J., Dühr, S., Peña, S., Batsuuri, B., Fast, V., Fidélis, T., Gagakuma, D., He, Z., Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R., Legutko-Kobus, P., De Marchi Moyano, B., Sugar, M., Peres, O. M., & Blaszke, M. (2024). An international comparison of the scope and instruments of local spatial planning. Town Planning Review, 95(2), 197-217. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2023.40
Nowak, M. J., Hołuj, A., & Blaszke, M. (2023). Law as a factor generating weakness in the spatial planning system: The case of Poland. disP - The Planning Review, 59(2), 76-87. https://doi.org/10.1080/02513625.2023.2257489
Nowak, M. J., Śleszyński, P., & Legutko-Kobus, P. (2022). Spatial planning in Poland: Law, property market and planning practice. Cham: Springer.
Parysek, J. J. (2018). Rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy oraz czynniki i uwarunkowania rozwoju. In P., Churski (Ed.). Teoretyczne i aplikacyjne wyzwania współczesnej geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej (pp. 37-56). Warsaw: Komitet Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN.
Reimer, M., Getimis, P., & Blotevogel, H. (2014). Spatial planning systems and practices in Europe: A comparative perspective on continuity and changes. London: Routledge.
Rodrigues, A. M. (2022). The Right to the City and the Housing in Brazilian Cities. In R. C., Lois González & M. A., Mitidiero Junior (Eds.). Brazilian Geography (pp. 233-253). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3704-0_15
Santos, M. (2017). The Shared Space: The Two Circuits of the Urban Economy in Underdeveloped Countries (1st Ed.). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315103105
Saporito, E. (2013). Consensus Building Versus Irreconcilable Conflicts: Reframing Pluralistic Spatial Planning. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30829-6
Silva, K. (2017). A distribuição dos espaços públicos em Belo Horizonte: uma análise sob a ótica do direito à cidade e do planejamento urbano [The distribution of public spaces in Belo Horizonte: an analysis from the perspective of the right to the city and urban planning]. Revista De Direito Da Cidade, 9(4), 1586-1606. https://doi.org/10.12957/rdc.2017.29263
Śleszyński, P., & Nowak, M. (2023). Directions of change in the spatial policies of Polish border municipalities during the first year of war in Ukraine, 2022. Europa XXI, 45. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.45.5
Śleszyński, P., Kowalewski, A. T., & Markowski, T. (2018). Synteza: Uwarunkowania, skutki i propozycje naprawy chaosu przestrzennego. Warsaw: Komitet Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania Kraju PAN.
Śleszyński, P., Kowalewski, A., Markowski, T., Legutko-Kobus, P., & Nowak, M. (2020). The Contemporary Economic Costs of Spatial Chaos: Evidence from Poland. Land, 9(7), 214. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9070214
Thorpe, A. (2017). Between rights in the city and the Right to the City: Heritage, character and public participation in urban planning. In A., Durbach & L., Lixinski (Eds.). Heritage, Culture and Rights: Challenging Legal Discourses (pp. 121-147). London: Bloomsbury.
Tsavdaroglou, C. (2020). The refugees' right to the center of the city and spatial justice: Gentrification vs commoning practices in Tarlabaşı-Istanbul. Urban Planning, 5(3), 230-240. https://doi.org/10.17645/up.v5i3.3098
Tsavdaroglou, C., & Kaika, M. (2022). The refugees' right to the centre of the city: City branding versus city commoning in Athens. Urban Studies, 59(6), 1130-1147. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098021997009
UN-Habitat (2017). The Right to the City and Cities for All. UN-Habitat. Retrieved from https://habitat3.org/wp-content/uploads/Habitat%20III%20Policy%20Paper%201.pdf
Venturini, F. (2019). Reconceptualising the Right to the City and spatial justice through social ecology. In F., Venturini, E., Değirmenci & I., Morales-Bernardos (Eds.). Social Ecology and the Right to the City: Towards Ecological and Democratic Cities (pp. 86-100). Montreal: Black Rose Books.
Wirawan, B., Utama, S., Suratno, I. R., Tambunan, J. R., Muthadir, A., Mulyana, W., Setiono, I., Wicaksono, A., & Afiff, S. A. (2019). Spatial Planning, Land Tenure, and Increasing Conflicts Over Land Claims in Sumatera and Kalimantan: Economic Development, Policy Dynamics, and the Pace of Investment. Jakarta: Conflict Resolution Unit.
Woods, M. (2023). Rural-Urban Inequalities and Spatial Justice in Europe. Europa XXI, 44. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2023.44.8
Zachariasz, A. (2014). Parks, green areas and landscape in view of new concepts related to the shaping of structure and form of a city. Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura, 111(2-A), 327-359.
Zimmermann, K., & Feiertag, P. (2024). Regional Planning in France and Germany: Towards convergence? Europa XXI, 46. https://doi.org/10.7163/Eu21.2024.46.1
oai:rcin.org.pl:241478 ; 1429-7132 (print) ; 2300-8547 (online) ; 10.7163/Eu21.2024.46.7
CBGiOŚ. IGiPZ PAN, call nos.: Cz.6406, Cz.6407 ; click here to follow the link
Creative Commons Attribution BY 4.0 license
Copyright-protected material. [CC BY 4.0] May be used within the scope specified in Creative Commons Attribution BY 4.0 license, full text available at: ; -
Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization of the Polish Academy of Sciences
European Union. European Regional Development Fund ; Programme Innovative Economy, 2010-2014, Priority Axis 2. R&D infrastructure
Oct 7, 2024
Jun 28, 2024
72
https://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/publication/277663
Hans, Sebastian Böhme, Kai
Mikołajczyk, Tomasz
Cotella, Giancarlo
Smas, Lukas Lidmo, Johannes
Komornicki, Tomasz Szejgiec-Kolenda, Barbara Degórska, Bożena (1956– ) Goch, Katarzyna Śleszyński, Przemysław Bednarek-Szczepańska, Maria Siłka, Piotr
Degórska, Bożena (1956– )
Kovács, András Donát Farkas, Jenő Zsolt Varjú, Viktor Szalai, Ádám Lennert, József Hoyk, Edit Csáki, Béla