TY - GEN PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 24 cm M3 - Text VL - 91 CY - Warszawa PY - 2018 IS - 2 KW - Geography T1 - Autorki wycofały artykuł = The authors have withdrawn the article UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/85001 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - A basic research topic taken up within the framework of border studies concerns the function of political borders, as well as changes therein over time. As a matter of special importance is then the location of border crossing points and the character of their immediate surroundings, much depends on the analysis of transformations these areas undergo, in line with shifting formal and legal circumstances, as well as in terms of infrastructure and socio-economic conditions. Poland’s 2007 accession to the EU’s Schengen Agreement obviously had a number of major consequences in this respect, not least along the Polish-German border where border posts underwent formal liquidation, and the border could theoretically be crossed along its entire length. The rules applying to an internal Schengen border are known to favour spatial development in border areas, as permeability increases and there may be a long-term trend for the role of a border as a barrier to decline. Notably, the local dimension would seem to be of great importance to the achievement of practical effects (Bufon, 2008). The work detailed here has had as its main aims the identification of the spatial--development features characterising crossings along the Polish-German border, and the analysis of economic activity in their immediate vicinity, under the circumstances of a now-open internal border within the Schengen Area. The analysis covered areas surrounding the formal border crossings abolished on 21.12.2007, as well as new places in which organised crossings began to take place (along roads, walking or cycle paths or railway lines). This scope of interest led to a field inventory of 47 areas on both the Polish and German sides, at which a border crossing was made possible by roads (n = 29), or along cycle or walking paths (n = 18). Data obtained allowed for an identification of key regularities as regards the maintenance of border infrastructure, the reuse of the buildings of former border posts, road infrastructure, and numbers and type structure where operating companies were concerned. The newly-created border-crossing points were mainly seen to locate along the section of border between Pargów and the coast of the Szczecin Lagoon, as well as in the Świnoujście area (where the boundary does not run along rivers).Interestingly, use was being made of only half the former border-post buildings, on both the Polish and German sides. Where new designations of activity were present, a degree of diversification was visible. Our results show clearly how difficult it may still prove to introduce new functions in the reality of an open, internal Schengen Area border. The study offers grounds for a perhaps-surprising conclusion that, given the conditions under which the Polish-German border still functions, a formal status as open does not preclude significant limitations still being imposed on the possibilities for borderland integration, in a spatial context in particular. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/111571/PDF/WA51_138837_r2019-t91-z4_Przeg-Geogr-Dolzblas.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 4 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 4 EP - 510 KW - boreder-crossing point KW - Polish-German borderland KW - field inventory KW - spatial management KW - economic activity KW - internal Schengen border A1 - Dołzbłasz, Sylwia. Autor A1 - Zelek, Krzysztof. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 487 T1 - Wybrane cechy zagospodarowania przestrzennego i aktywności gospodarczej w otoczeniu miejsc przekraczania granicy polsko-niemieckiej = Selected features of spatial management and economic activity in the vicinity of border-crossing points on the Polish-German border UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/111571 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - While border areas are usually perceived as peripheral in nature, denoting only a limited level of economic development, it is clear that a border location might also be in a position to offer measurable benefit. In that context, work described here in relation to Poland has focused in on: (1) the delimitation of border areas; and (2) an identification and subdivision of units into those whose location by a state border brings either positive or negative economic consequences. The criterion applied most often in designating border areas is administrative (cf. Kałuski, 1990), with different hierarchical levels referred to (e.g. the NUTS 3 where pursuit of the EU policy on Territorial Cooperation is concerned; or LAU 2 where the need is to designate areas characterised by small-scale border traffic, with account then taken of the criterion of distance of a given administrative unit from the border). Alongside the administrative, a second main criterion relates simply to physical distance from a border, and usually gains application in denoting a zone of particularly intensive scrutiny by the Border Guard and other state services such as the Customs Administration (e.g. in the United States). Use of this criterion actually does much to hinder scientific research, given the lack of concordance with units of administration. Neither of the divisions referred to above embraces real functional linkages, while the real-life zone of impact of a border is likely to be indicated by just such linkages, of a socioeconomic nature, and specific in the sense that other parts of a country do not manifest them (Węcławowicz et al., 2006). Such linkages would seem to offer a basis to determine, first, if border areas actually exist at all, and, second, how they can be delimited in a detailed way, by reference to multiple criteria. It is certain that a key aspect is involved here, as the attempt is made to set the benefits of a border location against the “non-benefits”. But it is clear that attention also needs to be paid to the configuration of internal interactions, as aspects of a border location become all the more unfavourable the more peripherally a given unit is located. Ultimately, it is possible to indicate which border areas are actually problem areas, and to set these apart from other areas by a border whose geographical position ensures that a border represents no barrier to development and/or does not determine peripheral status. For the above reasons, the work presented here does indeed propose a delimitation based on real economic linkage (levels of export), as well as the degree to which regional centres are accessible from the given area. The first stage of the delimitation procedure thus takes in the designation of a border area formed from a belt of Polish communes (LAU 2) “two deep”. A second stage then sees elimination from this set of those units with a favourable location vis-à-vis the nearest regional centre (s), it being assumed that the proximity of these centres helps even out any potentially negative impact of the border; as well as with a high value for the statistic regarding the value of exports to the neighbouring country (the assumption then being that such units benefit from a border location, rather than suffering as a result of it). Units left behind following the application of this procedure were deemed to be border communes of problem status, potentially in need of support if they are to develop. In the event, such units are found to be located primarily along Poland’s borders with the Russian Federation, Lithuania, Belarus and Slovakia (as opposed to Germany, the Czech Republic and Ukraine). Unsurprisingly, it is communes by the Polish-German border that are seen to benefit most from their location. The authors set other divisions and classifications already in effect against the proposal for delimitation which is offered here, along with relevant recommendations for the development of regional policy. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/111570/PDF/WA51_138617_r2019-t91-z4_Przeg-Geogr-Komornic.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 4 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 4 EP - 486 KW - border KW - problem areas KW - foreign trade KW - spatial accessibility KW - cohesion policy A1 - Komornicki, Tomasz. Autor A1 - Wiśniewski, Rafał (1977– ). Autor A1 - Miszczuk, Andrzej. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 467 T1 - Delimitacja przygranicznych obszarów problemowych = The delimitation of problem border areas UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/111570 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Political boundaries represent a universal phenomenon and key element by which social and economic phenomena existing across space are structured. But both the presence and the nature (role, function, etc.) of borders are seen to vary temporally and spatially, with differentiated attendant consequences for socio-economic development. The present article relates to state borders, which separate certain areas off from others, while at the same time constituting meeting points and points of contact between them. While this would hold true whether we perceive the said borders as lines, areas or zones, the modern-day approach to borders is a multi-dimensional one that treats them as socio-spatial constructs revealing and articulating differentiation that truly exists. It is possible to note two opposing cause-and-effect processes here. On the one hand, there are different divisions and boundaries between many socio-economic and even natural phenomena that sanction the existence and locations of borders; while on the other the very existence of state borders establishes or reinforces the existence of other, new divisions that can be regarded as boundaries (even as they are not now necessarily state borders as such). I trust that this argumentation helps capture the essence of the geography present in considerations of boundaries and borders; as well as its changing but ever-important role, while at the same time generating opportunities for further research, and for the ongoing observation of the diverse processes linking up with the existence of borders. Variability and change of function would seem to offer a key to the understanding of the significances of borders and the influences they exert, as regards the border landscape, neighbourly (international) relations and phenomena of a socio-economic nature. In that light, four functions for borders are in fact proposed here – as barriers, peripheries, lines of differentiation and axes of integration. Each change has knock-on implications for transformations of function in regard to both borders as such and the areas adjacent to them. Thus, by making assumptions as to the fundamental aspects characterising variations in the nature of borders, it has been possible here to come up with proposals regarding the consequences these will bring with them. And even as a process whereby a border opens up is underway and integration is ensuing, it is still possible that change as a whole will falter or even stall, should issues arise locally (e.g. through conflict or other negative events), nationally (e.g. through unilateral or bilateral severing of agreements), or globally (e.g. thanks to external threat, a desire to protect domestic markets or a migration crisis). For these reasons, geopolitical considerations will always reign supreme over other borderland phenomena, determining directions of development and possibilities for borders (and adjacent areas) to function. In that light, this article stresses the still-relevant need for borders, borderlands and relevant ongoing processes to be made subject to theoretical conceptualisation and processing. And this would be true as regards, not only the spatial extent or scope of borderland areas, but also the changing conditioning, consequences and actions. In this, a challenge that continues to be present entails the founding of theoretical concepts for the borderland that draw on selected paradigms and stress the role and importance of border and borderland geography, along with its key subjects of interest. And, where the study of borders being pursued in Poland is concerned, it needs to be hoped that a new trajectory may be found and followed, with each conceptualisation exerting a summarising or theorising impact proving of value as form is given to a full new theory for the development of borders and borderlands in Poland and its neighbouring countries, with account taken, not merely of recent decades, but of a much longer time period. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/111569/PDF/WA51_138532_r2019-t91-z4_Przeg-Geogr-Wieckows.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 4 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 4 EP - 466 KW - state border KW - barrier KW - peripheries KW - cross-border cooperation KW - Poland KW - European Union A1 - Więckowski, Marek (1971– ). Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 443 T1 - Od barier i izolacji do sieci i przestrzeni transgranicznej – konceptualizacja cyklu funkcjonowania granic państwowych = From barriers and isolation to transboundary space and networks – conceptualising ways in which state borders function UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/111569 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/111568/PDF/WA51_138530_r2019-t91-z4_Przeg-Geogr-Spis.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny PY - 2019 IS - 4 EP - 442 KW - Geography PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 441 T1 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 4 (2019), Spis treści UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/111568 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - In Central and Eastern Europe, including Poland, many protected areas are situated in the borderlands. Borders (e.g. between states), boundaries (of protected areas), and frontiers (e.g. an eco-frontier) are produced by humans and underline control and ownership of land (territory). These borderlines overlap with each another – can be visible or not, and function as barriers to the flows and economic activity of human beings, with their juridical consequences. In this paper the focus has been placed on the role of that borders play in the construction of space, especially in relation to attractive natural areas in the borderlands of Poland, whether or not they are protected. Additionally the author proposes and tries to illustrate the role of the ‘periodisation’ of nature protection in the borderlands and the relationship between them. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64181/PDF/WA51_83594_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Wieckowsk.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 138 KW - Poland KW - border KW - national park KW - transboundary cooperation KW - protected area KW - eco-frontier A1 - Więckowski, Marek [1971- ]. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 127 T1 - Political borders under ecological control in the Polish borderlands UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64181 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The purpose of the following paper is to debate the cross-border shopping tourism activities taking place at the external borders of the European Union in Poland and Romania. The work focuses on a comparative analyses of three borders from Poland and three borders from Romania. They had a similar history, underwent a period of political and economic transformation and both countries joined the EU in a short space of time. The research is composed from a theoretical and empirical approach. The theoretical research results show similarities in the evolutions of cross-border shopping tourism activities from both countries. The empirical research updates the situation of cross-border shopping tourism activities. The results show a different evolution of this kind of tourism activities, which has been more predominant at the Polish borders than at the Romanian border, mainly motivated by the stronger market differences existing between Poland and its neighbours, than between Romania and its neighbours. The economic motivators are still strong with a focus of customers on better price benefits and discount opportunities. The leisure elements, although not predominant are present, mainly in Poland, the customers being mainly motivated by the pleasure emerged from the shopping activity. In terms of shopping, the dominant role is played by the shopping, in their old forms (bazaar, local market or a transformed department stores) or their new forms (commercial centres or malls), increasingly incorporating also elements of leisure. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64180/PDF/WA51_83593_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Bar.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 125 KW - cross-border shopping KW - Romania KW - Poland KW - border KW - development KW - trading KW - tourism KW - external border of the European Union A1 - Bar-Kołelis, Delia. Autor A1 - Wendt, Jan A. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 113 T1 - Comparison of cross-border shopping tourism activities at the Polish and Romanian external borders of European Union UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64180 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The main objective of this article is to offer an answer to the question whether introducing local border traffic (LBT) on the external frontiers of the EU is an effective tool for cross-border integration and development of marginalised border areas. The analysis was carried out in an area of particular strategic importance for the European Community and Russia, which is the Polish-Russian borderland. The study includes the analysis of political discourse supplied with the findings from the original survey revealing mutual perception of Polish and Russian partners. The authors drew special attention to the significance of delimitation of areas included in the visa-free traffic. The success of the four-year period of LBT zone’s functioning on the Polish-Kaliningrad border came as a result of modification of the regulations concerning the scope of the zone and the inclusion of economic regions otherwise heavily affected by the split in the functional dimension. The analysed region had the chance to become a model of national and local policies’ cooperation in border areas. The decision to shut down the LBT has proved yet again that socio-economic initiatives in border regions are deterministically dependent on the decisions of central governments. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64179/PDF/WA51_83591_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Sagan.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 112 KW - local border traffic KW - cross-border integration KW - Polish-Russian border KW - external border of the European Union A1 - Sagan, Iwona. Autor A1 - Kolosov, Vladimir. Autor A1 - Studzińska, Dominika. Autor A1 - Zotova, Maria. Autor A1 - Sebentsov, Alexander. Autor A1 - Nowicka, Klaudia. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 95 T1 - The local border traffic zone experiment as an instrument of cross-border integration: The case of Polish-Russian borderland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64179 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The geo-political transition in 1989-91 had long term consequences for the European integration process. The integration and regionalisation processes following the transition resulted in a transformation of territorial borders in and around the region; the functions of the borders changed. Mobility is vital for these processes. This paper is based on a longitudinal study of the development of air traffic from airports in the eastern part of the Baltic Sea Region, 2000-2012. The purpose of the paper is to discuss how the development of infrastructure and transport networks influence regionalisation processes in the Baltic Sea Region. Firstly, the impact of macro-economic development as a driver of internationalisation in the region is analysed, thereafter the relationship between institutional transition and regional system development. There are three periods of large increase in traffic from the Baltic States towards Western Europe, related to institutional change: rapidly after independence, as a result of the enlargement of the European Union, and related to the emergence of low-cost aviation. Aviation from Minsk and Kaliningrad have also shown substantial increase in air traffic, but mainly to other parts of the former Soviet Union. There is thus little evidence of a regionalisation process involving the whole region. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64178/PDF/WA51_83590_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Nilsson.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 93 KW - Geo-political change KW - borders KW - mobility KW - aviation KW - Baltic Sea Region A1 - Nilsson, Jan Henrik. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 77 T1 - Mobility and regionalisation: Changing patterns of air traffic in the Baltic Sea Region in connection to European integration UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64178 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The work detailed in this article sought to determine the nature of the transborder cooperation ongoing in Poland’s eastern borderland, focusing in particular on the transborder network. Research encompassed analysis of the scope of cooperation in terms of subject matter and type of beneficiary, as well as analysis of the transborder cooperation network using SNA. All beneficiaries and projects pursued under the Poland-Belars-Ukraine 2007-2013 Cross-Border Cooperation Programme within the framework of the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument were examined. Cooperation structures in the Polish-Ukrainian-Belarusian borderland area were then compared with those in the Polish-Czech and Polish-Slovak border areas. Results showed that, while the pursuit of common projects contributed to intensified connections in the Polish-Belarusian-Ukrainian borderland area, the transborder cooperation is much influenced by the strong formalisation of the EU’s external border, and by formal-legal regulations in the neighbouring countries. The cooperation network in the eastern borderland of Poland thus differs greatly from those in the south. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64177/PDF/WA51_83585_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Dolzblasz.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 76 KW - transborder network KW - cross-border cooperation KW - EU external border KW - Poalnd-Belarus-Ukraine borderland A1 - Dołzbłasz, Sylwia. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 63 T1 - A network approach to transborder cooperation studies as exemplified by Poland’s eastern border UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64177 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - This article deals with changes in political boundaries, border regimes and border policies that have taken place in the area between the Baltic and the Mediterranean, which corresponds in the broadest sense with the term ‘Europe-in-between’. An important generator of problems here has been the multi-ethnic composition of the population, a source of diffuse political processes often even giving rise to conflict. Border policies have served as indicators of the relationships pertaining between countries, though they have an even broader exponent relating EU policies and peacekeeping missions, among other things, and thus offering nothing less than a laboratory for geopolitics both old and new. In the three parts present here, the first represents a short theoretical discussion concerning national systems, while the second offers an empirical analysis of border changes and policies in the area stretching from Kaliningrad to the Bosphorus and Trieste. Finally, a third, synthetic, part discusses recent challenges to border policies in the area in question posed by processes of European integration, as set against the new security paradigms of our era. Particular emphasis is placed on strong immigration pressure, pan-Turkish strategic aspirations, the Balkan area and its policies and the relationship between the EU and Russia. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64176/PDF/WA51_83583_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Zupancic.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 46 KW - border politics KW - border changes KW - Central and Eastern Europe KW - security KW - new geopolitics A1 - Zupančič, Jernej. Autor A1 - Wendt, Jan A. Autor A1 - Ilieş, Alexandru. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 33 T1 - An outline of border changes in the area between the Baltic and the Mediterranean: Their geopolitical implications and classification UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64176 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - This essay focuses attention on aspects of border politics that give evidence of nation-building and national consolidation processes in Central Europe. In a normative, policy-oriented sense this is a question of borders as framing conditions for regional development. In a more critical and analytical sense this involves interrogating the actual use of borders in politically and ideologically framing national interests within a wider European context. The essay begins with a brief discussion of Europeanisation processes understood in terms of the promotion of cross-border cooperation (CBC) in Central Europe. Here, the significance of national structural conditions for implementation of Cohesion and regional policies and hence CBC will be discussed. One result that emerges is that while EU-European principles of cross-border cooperation have been partly mainstreamed into regional development policies they have at the same time been superimposed by the domestication of EU policies in the interest of nation-building. More specific evidence is then provided by Hungarian experience where national scale and nation-building have played key roles in conditioning the quality of cross-border cooperation and in the framing of state borders as resources. Attention will focus on: (1) Hungarian exploitation of CBC in the service of ethnopolitical development objectives and (2) Hungary’s recent policy of border securitisation which essentially entails a re-nationalisation of its border regime and a framing of the physical border as a protective barrier against threats to national and European identity. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64175/PDF/WA51_83578_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Scott.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 32 KW - Central Europe KW - Hungary KW - borders KW - border politics KW - national scale KW - cross-border cooperation A1 - Scott, James Wesley. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 17 T1 - Border politics in Central Europe: Hungary and the role of national scale and nation-building UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64175 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The objective of this paper is to consider the main border issues and cross-border relationships in Central and East Europe (CEE) in the context of changing theoretical approaches to border studies. The authors start by analysing the impact of the impressive progress in the theory of borders on studies of CEE. Fundamental political changes in this part of Europe after 1989 were associated with the opening of borders and the intensification of cross-border cooperation, which have radically transformed the functions of boundaries. Emerging cross-border regions became spaces of communication, interaction, innovations and development. The EU enlargement to the east and the inclusion of most CEE countries in the Schengen zone accelerated the processes of re- and de-bordering and the diversification of the functions and regime of borders. The powerful waves of migration to the European Union over recent years have again greatly modified the situation in border areas and provoked the construction of new walls. In conclusion the authors propose eight research questions for future studies of borders and bordering in CEE. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64174/PDF/WA51_83577_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Kolosov1.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 16 KW - border studies KW - border KW - Central and Eastern Europe KW - European Union KW - integration KW - external border of the European Union KW - post-Soviet countries KW - geopolitics A1 - Kolosov, Vladimir. Autor A1 - Więckowski, Marek [1971- ]. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 5 T1 - Border changes in Central and Eastern Europe: An introduction UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64174 ER - TY - GEN PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64173/PDF/WA51_83576_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Contents.pdf M3 - Text VL - 91 CY - Warszawa PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 3 KW - Geography SP - 3 T1 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018), Contents UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64173 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The objective of the paper is to analyze the trends and the dynamics of socio-economic development in the areas on both sides of all Russia’s land boundaries (more than 22,000 km long) using remote sensing data and GIS applications at different scales. The originality of this research is in the processing of large amounts of data (30 meters resolution images and medium-scale topographic maps) on vast areas and the construction of maps allowing analyzing the data on a new scale. The peripheral character of most border areas is a serious challenge for the development of cross-border cooperation. Depopulation and the depressed state of their economy do not stimulate contacts between neighboring territories. The authors assess the socio-economic situation on both sides of Russian borders and the contrasts between neighboring territories in the mirror of the structure and the dynamics of land use and the density of settlements and roads. The authors come to the conclusion that the border space experiences further fragmentation. The processes on the ‘new’ (post-Soviet) and ‘old’ borders differ by their speed and the character of transformations. Their asynchrony is quickly increasing the asymmetry of cross-border interactions. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/63372/PDF/WA51_82766_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Kolosov.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 61 KW - borders KW - remote sensing KW - spatial analysis KW - mapping KW - assessment KW - socio-economic development KW - Russia A1 - Kolosov, Vladimir. Autor A1 - Medvedev, Andrei. Autor A1 - Zotova, Maria. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 47 T1 - Comparing the development of border regions with the use of GIS (the case of Russia) UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/63372 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Solon, Jerzy. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 24 cm M3 - Text VL - 91 CY - Warszawa J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 2 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 2 KW - regionalisation KW - spatial units KW - boundaries of regions KW - Poland T1 - Physico-geographical mesoregions of Poland: Digital version of the map in ESRI shp format UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/65113 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The programme of identification, cataloguing and evaluation of Polish landscapes, part of the implementation of the European Landscape Convention, has caused an increase in interest in physico-geographical regionalisation over recent years. The commonly accepted regionalisation of Poland developed by J. Kondracki (Kondracki & Richling 1994) is sufficient for work at an overview scale (e.g. 1:500,000), whereas its spatial accuracy is too low to make use of it for the purpose of Polish landscape cataloguing. The aim of this article is to present a more up-to-date and detailed division of Poland into mesoregions, adjusted to the 1:50,000 scale. In comparison with older work, the number of mesoregions has increased from 316 to 344. In many cases, some far-reaching changes in meso- and macroregions were made. Nevertheless, in most cases the previous system of units was maintained, with more detailed adjustment of boundaries based on the latest geological and geomorphological data and the use of GIS tools for the DEM analysis. The division presented here is a creatively developing new work aligning the proposals of the majority of Polish researchers. At the same time, it is a regionalisation maintaining the idea of the work developed by J. Kondracki as well as his theoretical assumptions and the criteria used to distinguish units, which makes it a logical continuation of his regional division. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/65112/PDF/WA51_84317_r2018-t91-no2_G-Polonica-Solon.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 2 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 2 EP - 170 KW - regionalisation KW - spatial units KW - boundaries of regions KW - Poland A1 - Solon, Jerzy. Autor A1 - Borzyszkowski, Jan. Autor A1 - Bidłasik, Małgorzata. Autor A1 - Richling, Andrzej. Autor A1 - Badora, Krzysztof. Autor A1 - Balon, Jarosław. Autor A1 - Brzezińska-Wójcik, Teresa. Autor A1 - Chabudziński, Łukasz. Autor A1 - Dobrowolski, Radosław. Autor A1 - Grzegorczyk, Izabela. Autor A1 - Jodłowski, Miłosz. Autor A1 - Kistowski, Mariusz (1963– ). Autor A1 - Kot, Rafał. Autor A1 - Krąż, Paweł. Autor A1 - Lechnio, Jerzy. Autor A1 - Macias, Andrzej. Autor A1 - Majchrowska, Anna. Autor A1 - Malinowska, Ewa. Autor A1 - Migoń, Piotr. Autor A1 - Myga-Piątek, Urszula. Autor A1 - Nita, Jerzy. Autor A1 - Papińska, Elżbieta. Autor A1 - Rodzik, Jan. Autor A1 - Strzyż, Małgorzata. Autor A1 - Terpiłowski, Sławomir. Autor A1 - Ziaja, Wiesław. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 143 T1 - Physico-geographical mesoregions of Poland: Verification and adjustment of boundaries on the basis of contemporary spatial data UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/65112 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Land use and land cover changes (LULC) and their impact on potential soil erosion, road density as transfer routes of material and water to channels as well as channel level changes were studied in three catchments (~20 km2 each) in the central part of the Polish Western Carpathians in 1975-2015. It was hypothesised that short-term LULC changes during transition from a centrally planned to a free-market economy are sufficient to modify selected elements of the environment and that these changes can be identified in a measurable way. The analysis of aerial photographs and socio-economic data indicates that during the investigated period, the forest area increased by 20-27%, with a continuous decrease of cultivated land by 89-93% in the three catchments. LULC changes were accompanied by continuous population density growth by 29-50% and a decrease of the population dependent only on agriculture to less than 5%. Analyses confirmed the hypothesis that the environment was significantly modified due to the LULC changes. Abandonment of cultivated land, forest succession and a decrease in used road density, have resulted in lower efficiency of slope wash and sediment transport within the 4th-order catchments. This has led to an interruption of aggradation and initiated channel deepening by approximately 1 cm∙year-1 after the introduction of a free-market economy in 1989. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/65836/PDF/WA51_84977_r2018-t91-no2_G-Polonica-Bucala.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 2 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 2 EP - 196 KW - LULC KW - human impact KW - socio-economic transformation KW - catchment KW - Carpathians A1 - Bucała-Hrabia, Anna. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 171 T1 - Land use changes and their catchment-scale environmenta limpact in the Polish Western Carpathians during transition from centrally planned to free-market economics UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/65836 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The work contains quantitative analysis of differentiation of altitudinal position and sinuosity of two lines determining the course of forest limit, i.e. timberline and treeline within Babia Góra Mt. (1725 m a.s.l.) homoclinal flysch ridge (the Western Carpathians). The course of the empiric timberline was delimited basing on aerial photographs with details from spatial data of Aerial Laser Scanning conducted in 2012. On the N slope, the course of timberline is exclusively conditioned by natural factors, whereas on the S slope this line was shifted downwards as a result of sheep and cattle grazing (however it has shown progression for the last 80 years). In the course of theoretical treeline conditioned by macrotopography and local climate, the mass-elevation effect is visible, and on the N slope, additionally, a sub-summit downward shift (the Diablak effect) occurs. The sequence of natural factors, according to their positive or negative influence on timberline and treeline courses was determined. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/65835/PDF/WA51_84999_r2018-t91-no2_G-Polonica-Lajczak.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 2 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 2 EP - 241 KW - timberline KW - treeline KW - mass-elevation effect KW - homoclinal flysch ridge KW - climatic asymmetry KW - snow avalanches KW - Babia Góra Mountain KW - Western Carpathians A1 - Łajczak, Adam. Autor A1 - Spyt, Barbara. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 217 T1 - Differentiation of vertical limit of forest at the Babia Góra Mt., the Western Carpathian Mountains UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/65835 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The agricultural abandonment and reforestation taking place over the last few decades in the Carpathians has led to accelerated transformation of pasture landscape. The trajectories of pasture landscape changes, the factors threatening and supporting the pastures’ traditional use have been established on the basis of archival and contemporary cartographic materials, historical scientific works and archival photographs. An attempt has also been made to assess pasture landscape durability. The major part of the former pasture landscape has evolved into forest or settlement landscapes. The pasture landscape durability will only be possible if the operations supporting the traditional mountain grazing are continued. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/65834/PDF/WA51_84998_r2018-t91-no2_G-Polonica-Sobala.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 2 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 2 EP - 216 KW - pasture landscape durability KW - pasture landscape KW - mountain land management KW - agricultural abandonment KW - mountain grazing KW - rangeland pastures KW - rangeland management KW - West Carpathian Mountains KW - Silesia and Żywiec Beskids A1 - Sobala, Michał. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 197 T1 - Pasture landscape durability in the Beskid Mountains (Western Carpathians, Poland) UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/65834 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The paper presents an analysis of correlations between water levels in Polish lakes and the rate of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in the years 1976-2010. The detailed analysis of the spatial variability of the effect of NAO on water levels in lakes concerned 19 lakes with statistically uniform hydrometric material. Two matrices were obtained for each of the lakes, composed of 156 coefficients of correlation calculated between monthly water stages and monthly and seasonal NAO indices. They provided the basis for performing two variants of classification of lakes by Ward’s method. Four typological classes were distinguished for each variant. It was determined that stronger correlations occur in the case of water stages in lakes with seasonal than those with monthly NAO indices. The strongest effect of NAO on water stages is observed in the winter-spring period. Spatial variability of the effect has been recorded, resulting from the climatic conditions of a given region. Lakes located in the south-western part of the studied area constitute an evidently separate group. In the negative phase of NAO, they are distinguished by higher water stages in the winter-spring period. This may be associated with more frequent thaws during winters, and increased supply to lakes in the period. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/65833/PDF/WA51_85000_r2018-t91-no2_G-Polonica-Wrzesinsk.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 2 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 2 EP - 259 KW - teleconnections KW - water levels KW - lakes KW - NAO A1 - Wrzesiński, Dariusz. Autor A1 - Ptak, Mariusz. Autor A1 - Plewa, Katarzyna. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 243 T1 - Effect of the north Atlantic oscillation on water level fluctuations in lakes of northern Poland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/65833 ER - TY - GEN PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/65832/PDF/WA51_84972_r2018-t91-no2_G-Polonica-Contents.pdf M3 - Text VL - 91 CY - Warszawa PY - 2018 IS - 2 EP - 141 KW - Geography SP - 141 T1 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 2 (2018), Contents UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/65832 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The problem of the proper functioning of plant cover in urbanised conditions is extremely important in the context of improving the quality of life of city-dwellers. In onnection with this, an urgent task is appropriate shaping of green areas to provide better living conditions in cities. In recent times, the idea of the vegetation in cities (including of spontaneous origin) being subject to naturalisation has gained strong promotion as urban greenspace is being planned. There are many examples of spontaneous vegetation forming an aspect of the planning of greenspace in Europe, the United States, and Poland also. However, differing views expressed by inhabitants act to limit the use – and level of acceptance – of urban areas’ spontaneous vegetation. Nevertheless, thanks to progressing ecological education, areas with synanthropic vegetation of a “more natural” character are proving increasingly acceptable to the public. . L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/83109/PDF/WA51_108235_r2019-t91-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Wysocki.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 3 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 3 EP - 434 KW - city KW - vegetation and plants KW - habitat and biotic conditions KW - synanthropization A1 - Wysocki, Czesław. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 421 T1 - Funkcjonowanie szaty roślinnej w warunkach miejskich = The functioning of plant cover in urban conditions UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/83109 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Several potential Polish locations for the occurrence of fossil pingos were determined on the basis of analyses of a digital terrain model. Subsequent field reconnaissance connected with drilling into the geological structure, confirmed that one form located NW of Gdańsk, was indeed a fossil pingo. The aforementioned forms occur in a moraine plateau area related to the last ice-sheet retreat towards the Gardno phase moraine. This surface of the plateau is noticeably inclined south-north, at elevations of between 170 and 110 metres. It in fact proved possible to identify more than 80 very well-developed fossil pingos in the area investigated, with each found to consist of a central depression of average diameter 60‒80 m, as surrounded by a rampart 3–7 m high. By drilling into the central parts of the fossil pingos, we found them to be filled with organic sediments up to 6 or 7 m deep. The bottom layer of infill has carbonate and mineral-carbonate gyttjas up to 2 m thick. These are overlain by a peat layer up to 4 m thick, while these organic sediments are underlain by gley till sand. The ramparts are of sandy till frequently intercalated with silty sand. The established sequence of infilling of the central parts of the fossil pingos indicates that, in the immediate aftermath of ice-core melting, these played host to small ponds in which the accumulation of gyttja was able to take place. The gradual accumulation of lake-bottom sediments resulted in a shallowing of the ponds and the development of peat bogs. The morphological image of the above forms and initial drilling in the studied area suggest an association between their genesis and the presence of an ice-cored mound of the pingo type, experiencing subsequent degradation in the direction of the current, fossil pingo, form. Besides the classical, literal morphology of these forms, a decisive argument for acceptance of the above concept is provided by rampart lithology indicating how essential slow processes were in their accumulation. The nature and thickness of the organic infilling in the central part of a post-pingo prove equally important, suggesting an extended period of lake and peat-bog accumulation, probably lasting for the entire Holocene. The aforementioned arguments allow for the precluding of any origin linked with direct human activity (ground construction, bomb craters). The high density and close proximity and morphological similarity of the forms are likewise inimical to an identification as craters caused by above-ground meteorite explosions. Likewise, comparative analysis of the studied forms and kettle holes (usually larger irregularly-shaped larger forms of varied bottom topography) fails to indicate that the ring forms under study here have somehow arisen through the melting of buried dead ice. Analysis of deep boreholes made previously may support a geological structure of the analysed area consisting of a sand layer over 90 metres thick covered by a discontinuous till moraine several metres thick. The thick sand layer in question consists of differently-aged glaciofluvial sediments. This is a hydrogeological window connecting three main Quaternary aquifers and offering a perfect location for the ascension of groundwater. In conditions of developing discontinuous permafrost, this movement led to the creation of pingo forms in open systems on the surface. It is clear that investigation work is not currently at a stage allowing for about as to age to be made, or all details regarding evolution provided. However, the results of planned geomorphological, hydrogeological and geochronological studies should provide for both the recognition and detailed definition of the forms, thereby prompting discussion as to the evolution of permafrost during the late Weichselian transgression and recession in Central Europe. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/83108/PDF/WA51_108233_r2019-t91-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Blaszkie.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 3 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 3 EP - 419 KW - ring forms KW - open pingo systems KW - permafrost KW - Late Glacial KW - degradation KW - post-pingo KW - North Poland A1 - Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław. Autor A1 - Danel, Weronika. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 405 T1 - Formy pierścieniowe w rejonie Wejherowa jako prawdopodobne pozostałości po-pingo i ich znaczenie dla paleogeografii późnego glacjału w północnej Polsce = Ring forms in the area of Wejherowo as likely remnants of pingos, and their significance for Late-Glacial paleogeography in Northern Poland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/83108 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of our work to describe the plant cover in the area of the river Warta’s inflow and discharge into the Reservoir. To the above end, field studies were conducted along 6 transects (10 m wide and 513 to 2416 m long, depending on the influence of surface waters) intended to reveal abrasive, accumulative and stabilised impacts of water. Różnorodność roślinności i dynamika procesów sukcesyjnych związanych z aktywnością wód powierzchniowych wskazuje na potrzebę dla ochrony prawnej nie tylko ptaków, ale także siedlisk. Obszar ten dobrze ilustruje zjawiska związane z działalnością dużej rzeki, z różnorodnością roślinności kolejno seria tego rodzaju, której nie można już znaleźć pod tamą Reservoir. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/83106/PDF/WA51_108230_r2019-t91-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Wojtersk.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 3 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 3 EP - 404 KW - plant communities KW - flora KW - transects KW - vegetation maps KW - Jeziorsko reservoir KW - Central Poland A1 - Wojterska, Maria. Autor A1 - Ratyńska, Halina. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 385 T1 - Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne roślinności obszarów zalewowych strefy ujścia rzeki Warty do zbiornika Jeziorsko = Spatial differentiation in floodplain vegetation as exemplified by the Warta’s inflow into Jeziorsko Reservoir UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/83106 ER -