TY - GEN A1 - Prusy. Landesaufnahme A1 - Prusy. Königliche Preussische Landesaufnahme A1 - Niemcy. Reichsamt für Landesaufnahme PB - [wydawca nieznany] N1 - Scale 1:100 000 N1 - Maps ; 30x37 cm or smaller N1 - Prime meridian was Ferro, later Greenwich N1 - German series of topographic maps. Each sheet covers about 30' in longitude and 15' in geographical latitude. Sheet's title consist of a geographical name (the name of the largest town or other geographic object) and the order number. The individual sheets had several versions or reissues L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/92051/PDF/WA51_91788_PANC187-0-r1939_Ubersichts-Blatt.pdf CY - [Miejsce nieznane] J2 - [Skorowidz arkuszy "Karte des Deutschen Reiches im maßstabe 1:100 000"] PY - [przed 1939] KW - Germany KW - Poland KW - Central and Eastern Europe KW - index of maps T1 - Übersichts-Blatt zu der Karte des Deutschen Reiches im maßstabe 1:100 000 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/92051 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - After the fall of the Iron Curtain, CEE cities (as well as other cities in the former Socialist Bloc) experienced dynamic development in many areas. The presented article deals with one of the key areas of the post-socialist transformation of the city, specifically the humanisation of mass housing in large housing estates. These housing estates from the central planning period still dominate the skyline of many CEE towns. At the beginning of the 1990s, housing estates suffered from a number of shortcomings that needed to be put right within the frame of their humanisation. The paper analyses a more than two decade-long process of housing estate humanisation which gradually led to the replacement of the monofunctional (strictly residential) model with a multifunctional model. This leads to improvement of civic amenities, implementation of new urban-architectural solutions and the creation of new job opportunities. As a result, these changes increase the quality of life in housing estates, both from an objective and subjective point of view. Changes in the spatial, social, economic and physical structure of housing estates after 1989 will be analysed using examples from hierarchically different locations in the Czech Republic. The synthesis of findings will be supplemented with the results of empirical studies that were carried out by geographers, sociologists and urban planners. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/57338/PDF/WA51_77991_r2015-t88-no4_G-Polonica-Simacek.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 88 No. 4 (2015) PY - 2015 IS - 4 EP - 668 KW - humanisation processes KW - postsocialistic housing estates KW - postsocialstic transformation KW - Central and Eastern Europe A1 - Šimáček, Petr A1 - Szczyrba, Zdeněk A1 - Andráško, Ivan A1 - Kunc, Josef PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 88 CY - Warszwa SP - 649 T1 - Twenty-five years of humanising post-socialist housing estates: From quantitative needs to qualitative requirements) UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/57338 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - This article aims to investigate the origin of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and its spatial distribution among CEE headquarters in national urban systems. The conceptual framework is based on discussion of the role of metropolises. To provide a broad geographical scope the ORBIS database has been used, and its value has been discussed. The analysis shows that headquarters in capital cities were still attracting the greatest amount of foreign direct investment as of 2013, even when considerations are set at the level of different types of activity sector. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/62496/PDF/WA51_82166_r2017-t90-no2_G-Polonica-Zdanowska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 90 No. 2 (2017) PY - 2017 IS - 2 EP - 24 KW - Central and Eastern Europe KW - cities KW - foreign direct investment KW - headquaters KW - spatial distribution A1 - Zdanowska, Natalia PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 90 CY - Warszawa SP - 5 T1 - Distribution of foreign direct investment across the national urban system in countries of Central and Eastern Europe in 2013 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/62496 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - This article deals with changes in political boundaries, border regimes and border policies that have taken place in the area between the Baltic and the Mediterranean, which corresponds in the broadest sense with the term ‘Europe-in-between’. An important generator of problems here has been the multi-ethnic composition of the population, a source of diffuse political processes often even giving rise to conflict. Border policies have served as indicators of the relationships pertaining between countries, though they have an even broader exponent relating EU policies and peacekeeping missions, among other things, and thus offering nothing less than a laboratory for geopolitics both old and new. In the three parts present here, the first represents a short theoretical discussion concerning national systems, while the second offers an empirical analysis of border changes and policies in the area stretching from Kaliningrad to the Bosphorus and Trieste. Finally, a third, synthetic, part discusses recent challenges to border policies in the area in question posed by processes of European integration, as set against the new security paradigms of our era. Particular emphasis is placed on strong immigration pressure, pan-Turkish strategic aspirations, the Balkan area and its policies and the relationship between the EU and Russia. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64176/PDF/WA51_83583_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Zupancic.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 46 KW - border politics KW - border changes KW - Central and Eastern Europe KW - security KW - new geopolitics A1 - Zupančič, Jernej. Autor A1 - Wendt, Jan A. Autor A1 - Ilieş, Alexandru. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 33 T1 - An outline of border changes in the area between the Baltic and the Mediterranean: Their geopolitical implications and classification UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64176 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The article presents a review of research into the thermal structure and ice cover characterising lakes in Poland’s Tatra Mountains, on the basis of two centuries of scientific publications appearing up to 2015. The literature review allowed for the identification of five periods in which research was of differing intensities and quality. The first research carried out in the 19th century is seen to be of limited scientific value, mostly being limited to one-off measurements of morphometry and thermal conditions in the Tatra Mountain lakes. Only the research done by L. Birkenmayer can be regarded as well-planned, detailed and continuous in nature. By contrast, measurements made in the 20th century (mainly on the basis of the better measuring devices making their appearance) have yielded many interesting studies on the thermal conditions present in Tatra Mountain lakes. The measurements made by Lityński were especially important, due to his new and extended classification of Tatra lakes based on changes in water temperature in the summer season and the thermal stratification present through the year. In turn, in the inter-War period, studies became more systematic on both slopes of the Tatra Mountains, and were primarily concerned with winter oxygen content in relation to water temperature. This work bore fruit in the thermal classification of Tatra lakes developed by Szaflarski, who took account of the time at which lakes iced over, as well as maximum temperatures of surface water. After World War II, study of the vertical distribution of temperature in the Tatra lakes was continued with at different times of the year. Here, the result was a distinction drawn in winter between two main types of thermal system. An important event influencing research on lakes in the Tatra Mountains was the ongoing observation of ice-cover thicknesses on the Morskie Oko tarn beginning in 1951 and being engaged in by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management. Device development in following years brought the extension of the field study and an increase in the accuracy of measurement of thermal conditions in lakes. The first work on the influence of contemporary climate changes on surface water and the development of ice cover on high-altitude lakes was also carried out and then published. In the second half of the 20th century, the study of maximum ice thicknesses and durations of ice-related events on Morskie Oko confirmed the disappearance of ice phenomena on this lake. Measurement allowed for a better understanding of the relationship between the thickness of the ice cover and lake depth; the dynamics and direction of light and temperature transformations, and the conditioning of stability where the summer stratification of Tatra lakes is concerned. In recent years, the use of thermal imaging cameras to record the dynamics of water temperatures of the surface layer has allowed changes in water temperature at any time interval to be encapsulated. In the context of the literature review of the subject matter, the author poses several questions concerning the extension of modern research to other lakes and further directions of research into the thermal and ice-cover conditions characterising the Tatra lakes. Research on the waters and ice cover of these lakes over 200 years has not given rise to a comprehensive and up-to-date study. This work is therefore an attempt to trace the development of research on the variation and formation of thermal conditions in Tatra Mountain lakes. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/63172/PDF/WA51_82919_r2017-t89-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Szumny.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 89 z. 3 (2017) PY - 2017 IS - 3 EP - 512 KW - hydrology KW - history KW - high mountains KW - Carpathians KW - Central and Eastern Europe A1 - Szumny, Mirosław PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 89 CY - Warszawa SP - 491 T1 - Zarys rozwoju badań termiki wód i pokrywy lodowej jezior w polskich Tatrach = A general review of research into waters’ thermal structure and lake ice cover in the Polish Tatra Mountains UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/63172 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The 1989 fall of the Iron Curtain marked the beginning of new economic, socio-cultural and political realities for the former socialist states in Central and Eastern Europe. Along with the economic restructuring from statecentralised to market economy, democratisation and liberalisation initiated a transformation of the socialist urban space, which was characterised by the changing role of its iconic landmarks. This conceptual paper examines these post-1989 changes, which range between the removal of these landmarks and their transition into market led iconic and flagship attractions. The paper identifies the changing role of tourism from a topbottom orchestrated to a market led activity, which explains the transformation of some of these landmarks. It introduces a new framework for studying this process by suggesting that iconisation, de-iconisation and re-iconisation processes are interrelated to other strategies and approaches to the transition of the socialist urban landscape into a western market economy. The paper identifies avenues for further research and provides some recommendations for improving the management of similar processes. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/75322/PDF/WA51_98061_r2019-t92-no4_G-Polonica-Naumov.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 92 No. 4 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 4 EP - 393 KW - iconicity KW - socialism KW - heritage KW - tourism KW - visitor attractions KW - Central and Eastern Europe A1 - Naumov, Nikola. Autor A1 - Weidenfeld, Adi. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 92 CY - Warszawa SP - 379 T1 - From Socialist icons to Post-Socialist attractions: oconicity of socialist heritage in Central and Eastern Europe UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/75322 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of this paper is to explore the profile of tourists visiting Budapest, Prague and Warsaw. These cities were selected for their rich cultural heritage and change in volume of tourism in recent years. Survey data (N = 550) and statistical data on tourist volume were used to show similarities and differences in tourist characteristics in terms of socio-demographics and purpose of travel. The study concluded that most tourists visiting these cities are from Western Europe. The main purpose of travel is associated with cultural tourism offerings and entertainment. The study results help understand impact of city tourism development strategies on the tourist profile. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/87778/PDF/WA51_113524_r2019-t92-no4_G-Polonica-Tracz.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 92 No. 4 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 4 EP - 468 KW - capital cities KW - cultural heritage cities KW - tourist profile KW - urban tourism KW - Central and Eastern Europe A1 - Tracz, Mariola. Autor A1 - Bajgier-Kowalska, Małgorzata. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 92 CY - Warszawa SP - 455 T1 - Profile of tourists visiting cultural heritage cities: Comparative study of selected cities in Central Europe UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/87778 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The emergence of foreign software development centres (SDCs) in Central and Eastern Europe has led to some debate over the reasons and consequences of location decisions. This paper analyses those factors that influence location and also the consequences of foreign direct investment in software development centres in Bulgaria, Estonia and Poland. Foreign companies are compared and contrasted with the indigenous SDCs which are subcontractors for foreign companies or export to foreign markets. This paper questions the degree to which cost-related considerations influence location decisions, contrasting their significance with ‘return migration’ and the search for highly qualified graduates. To ward off growing wage pressure, SDCs provide more value-added services. Foreign SDCs move up the value chain, acquiring new competences. It may be argued that an increasing shift can be observed from a dependent mode based on a dependency on a foreign headquarters to a developmental type characterised by growing freedom. The local embededdness of foreign SDCs in the analysed countries is usually limited. However, ‘backshoring’ will not occur in the near future due to their high quality of work and improved efficiency. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/55425/PDF/WA51_74889_r2009-t82-no2_G-Polonica-Micek.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 82 No. 2 (2009) PY - 2009 IS - 2 EP - 33 KW - software development centres (SDCs) KW - offshoring KW - foreign direct investments KW - return migration KW - Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) A1 - Micek, Grzegorz PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 82 CY - Warszawa SP - 21 T1 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 82 No. 2 (2009) T1 - Investigating the emergence of software development centres in Central and Eastern Europe UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/55425 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The objective of this paper is to consider the main border issues and cross-border relationships in Central and East Europe (CEE) in the context of changing theoretical approaches to border studies. The authors start by analysing the impact of the impressive progress in the theory of borders on studies of CEE. Fundamental political changes in this part of Europe after 1989 were associated with the opening of borders and the intensification of cross-border cooperation, which have radically transformed the functions of boundaries. Emerging cross-border regions became spaces of communication, interaction, innovations and development. The EU enlargement to the east and the inclusion of most CEE countries in the Schengen zone accelerated the processes of re- and de-bordering and the diversification of the functions and regime of borders. The powerful waves of migration to the European Union over recent years have again greatly modified the situation in border areas and provoked the construction of new walls. In conclusion the authors propose eight research questions for future studies of borders and bordering in CEE. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64174/PDF/WA51_83577_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Kolosov1.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 16 KW - border studies KW - border KW - Central and Eastern Europe KW - European Union KW - integration KW - external border of the European Union KW - post-Soviet countries KW - geopolitics A1 - Kolosov, Vladimir. Autor A1 - Więckowski, Marek [1971- ]. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 5 T1 - Border changes in Central and Eastern Europe: An introduction UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64174 ER -