TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - A solid international legal framework for family planning supports national family planning programs. Yet it is not by itself a program guarantee, especially among Muslim nations, many of which have stalled FP transitions and weak or absent government assistance for FP programs. The success of Iran’s family planning program, therefore, is all the more noteworthy. Since its establishment in 1993, it has been one of the most successful state family planning (FP) programs in the world, having reduced the national annual growth rate from 2.7% in the late 1960s to little over 1% currently. This paper explores international and national legal, institutional, demographic, and cultural-geographical influences that may have contributed to its results. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/56657/PDF/WA51_76945_r2015-t38_SOW-Alaeddini.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Local development in urban and rural space: project and planning J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 38 PY - 2015 EP - 128 KW - Iran KW - post-revolution KW - Islam KW - Shariat KW - family planning KW - fertility KW - population geography KW - urbanization KW - education KW - religion KW - globalization KW - cultural geograpy A1 - Alaeddini, Maryam A1 - López-Carr, David PB - IGiPZ PAN PB - PTG VL - 38 CY - Warszawa SP - 111 T1 - Why has Iran’s family planning policy been so successful? Political, demographic, socio-economic and cultural-geographical underpinnings of a dramatic fertility transition UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/56657 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of the work detailed in this article was to describe instances of tornadoes being reported in Europe and in Poland in the years 1998-2013. According to the relevant ESSWD reports (as confirmed and fully verified), 1772 tornadoes occurred in Europe, while 102 were reported for Poland. The largest number of reports concerned Germany, while numerous cases were also observed for the south-eastern part of the British Isles. These results are consistent with previous studies. Antonescu (2016) reports that most tornado reports in European relate to the continent’s northern and central parts. In Poland, it is possible to distinguish a characteristic belt of land along which tornadoes arise most commonly. This runs north-south from the western part of Podkarpacie, through the Silesian-Cracow Upland, the Małopolska Upland and the central part of the Central Polish Lowland, to the eastern part of the South Baltic Lake District. Lorenc (2012) takes a different position over this matter, stating that tornadoes in Poland occur most frequently from the Opole area through the Małopolska region, Central Poland, The Kutno Upland and the region extending from Mazowsze through to the Suwalki region. In the analysed period, tornado reports in Europe and Poland arose most frequently in the summer months (from May through to August). This is in line with the conclusions of Taszarek and Brooks (2015). In turn, Przybylak (2007) states that the period with most tornadoes starts in June and lasts through until August. In Europe, tornadoes are seen to form most often in the afternoon, as is the case in the USA. This common trait stems from the fact that convection only starts developing in the afternoon hours, when the ground is warm enough. This warms the near-ground layer of air and upward movements are initiated. There are exceptions to this rule – morning tornadoes, or even ones occurring at night (Przybylak, 2007; Lorenc, 2012). The average number of tornado reports in Europe amounts to 118 per year, a result in line with the assumptions of Wegener from the early 20th century. However, the present figure is well below the average of some 169 per year given by Dotzek (2003). Where force is concerned, it is weak and moderate tornadoes that dominate in Europe and in Poland, i.e. those of strengths F0, F1 and F2 (on the Fujita scale). A similar situation applies to the Torro scale, with the tornadoes observed most frequently being at the beginning of the scale, i.e. T0, T1 and T2. Poland and Europe experience tornadoes of strength T3 (in 11% of cases in Europe as whole, and 10% where Poland is concerned). In Europe there is a prevalence of tornadoes of path width not exceeding 100m, while the situates observed most frequently are ones in which tornadoes make their landfall and then trek south-west or west (in Poland mostly the south-west direction). Lowlands represent the form of topography most favourable to the occurrence of tornadoes. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/59907/PDF/WA51_79800_r2016-t88-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Wieczore.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 88 z. 3 (2016) PY - 2016 IS - 3 EP - 368 KW - tornado KW - Europe KW - Poland KW - Fujita scale KW - Torro scale KW - relief A1 - Wieczorek, Luiza PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 88 CY - Warszawa SP - 353 T1 - Zmienność czasowo-przestrzenna występowania trąb powietrznych w Europie i w Polsce w latach 1998-2013 = The temporal and spatial variability of the occurrence of tornadoes in Europe and in Poland in the years 1998-2013 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/59907 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The main goal of the article was to evaluate the level of the individual sector involvement in tri-sector partnership in submitting LEADER programme projects (called “small projects”). The research was conducted in 15 Local Action Groups of the Śląskie Voivodeship, Poland; 3161 “small projects” submitted in 2009-2014 were analysed. The research has shown that:1) It seems that there is a considerable connection between the involvement level of each sector (social, private and public) in submitting LEADER projects and the development potential of each rural area in micro-regional context.2) The involvement level of social sector is quite high in every local action group, which can be regarded as a relative success of LEADER approach implementation in the Śląskie Voivodeship in Poland.3) The fact identified in other research that public sector is a major applicant in LEADER projects was confirmed. It could be considered as a real constraint in harmonic development of tri-sector partnerships in the future, but on the other hand it could be also a positive phenomenon, which enables LEADER implementation in these rural areas, where many obstacles limit access to LEADER funds by representation of the other sectors.These conclusions show that there is a great need of better promotion of LEADER approach especially among social and private sector. Moreover, it seems that LEADER requires a wide debate on its functions, real effects, and the role of public sector in LEADER programme implementation. It is particularly important in the current EU financial framework 2014-2020 in Poland as new regulations restrict the accessibility of LEADER funds for public sector. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/59960/PDF/WA51_79444_r2016-t41_SOW-Surmacz.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 41 J2 - Rural Studies PY - 2016 EP - 133 KW - LEADER KW - Silesia voivodship KW - tri-sector partnership KW - rank-and-file approach KW - small projects A1 - Surmacz, Małgorzata A1 - Magryś, Witold PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 41 CY - Warszawa SP - 121 T1 - Trójsektorowość podejścia LEADER w założeniach i w praktyce wdrażania w okresie programowania 2007–2013 na przykładzie województwa śląskiego = Tri-sector partnership in LEADER approach in theory and practice in 2007-2013 programming period - an example of the Śląskie Voivodeship in Poland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/59960 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The article concerns the issue of the increasing development level of rural areas, which determines division into regions of dynamic growth and competing areas. Mitigating development might be achieved through adequate use of endogenous potential inherent in particular territorial units. This paper undertakes the issue of shaping sustainable socio-economic development of rural areas based on endogenous conditions as well as appropriate targeting of the EU funds to  strengthen actions leading to  the optimal use of resources. For a comprehensive assessment of funds impact for socio-economic development economic indicators and synthetic indexes were taken into consideration. These were calculated for the socio-economic (endogenous) development in rural areas (by region) and the level of absorption for the measures implemented by the 16 Regional Operational Programmes. Such procedure allowed to specify the relations and interdependencies that occur between these two levels. Results of the analysis were referred to the concept of neo-endogenous development. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/59956/PDF/WA51_79425_r2016-t41_SOW-Biczkowski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 41 PY - 2016 EP - 81 KW - EU funds KW - neo-endgenous development KW - rural areas KW - Regional Operational Programmes KW - socio-economic development A1 - Biczkowski, Mirosław PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 41 CY - Warszawa SP - 63 T1 - Fundusze unijne wdrażane poprzez Regionalne Programy Operacyjne jako neoendogeniczny czynnik rozwoju obszarów wiejskich = EU funds implemented by the Regional Operational Programmes as neo-endogenous development factor for rural areas UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/59956 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The article discusses the issue of presentation concerning rural areas and agriculture in geography textbooks in two countries – Poland and England, which differ in both main assumptions of the geographical education, as well as works devoted to the problem of rural areas on scientific grounds. What is shared by the two countries is the fact that both in Poland and England, geography as a school subject is compulsory only for four years at the 3rd level of education. Only during this short period students learn about the nature of the discipline and the subject of its research. Textbooks analyzed in the article were regarded as areas of presentation of the geographical environment, which – in accordance to the concept of H. Lefebvre (1974, 1991) – like other media indirectly shape certain presentation of space. Comparison of textbooks' content related to agriculture and rural geography in Poland and England confirmed imperfections of Polish geographical education, which does not fully exploit potential of the discipline. Moreover, applied manners of presentation do not follow achievements of geography at the scientific level. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58062/PDF/WA51_78065_r2015-t40_SOW-Tobiasz-Lis.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 179 KW - image KW - countries KW - agriculture KW - textbooks KW - programme basis A1 - Tobiasz-Lis, Paulina PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 169 T1 - Obraz wsi i rolnictwa w polskich i angielskich podręcznikach do geografii = Image of countryside and agriculture in Polish and English geography textbooks UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58062 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Landscape-oriented education taking into consideration regional assets and cultural determinants plays a specialrole in the formation ofrural areas. A survey research conducted among students of Spatial Management, Landscape Architecture as well as Tourism and Recreation revealed differences in their perception of rural cultural landscape depending on the field of study. Students demonstrated gaps in their knowledge of cultural landscape, which could have a detrimental effect on their interpretation and formation of rural space in the future. A comparative analysis of "ideal countryside" essays and credit papers concerning conceptions of land development showed that it was necessary to exchange knowledge and experiences of students representing various fields (e.g. via inter-school workshops, common practices/field classes, project exhibitions). The research conducted and analysis of the syllabuses concerning the three selected fields have proven that landscape formation, especially in rural areas, should be taught as a separate field of study because the relevant knowledge imparted in the present form may become vague. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58059/PDF/WA51_78060_r2015-t40_SOW-Szczepanska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 157 KW - rural areas KW - landscape and cultural heritage KW - syllabus KW - landscape-oriented education KW - regional and art education A1 - Szczepańska, Magdalena A1 - Szczepańska, Magdalena PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 141 T1 - Stan wiedzy prokrajobrazowej studentów na tle treści kształcenia = Students' landscape-oriented knowledge in comparison to educational program UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58059 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The work described here sought to assess land use in flood hazard areas within selected gminas (local authority areas) of Łódź voivodship. The analysis in fact encompassed 21 of the gminas, located in the catchment areas of the Warta, Pilica and Bzura and officially characterised by “high” or “very high” flood risks. A flood hazard zone is considered to coincide with the area reached by high waters 1% of the time. The term “use” is understood by S. Liszewski (1997, p. 61) as „…using something, benefiting from something in a rational way which brings as great an advantage as possible”. Consequently, almost every human activity is reflected in the land and ”…performs a clearly defi ned and diverse function” (1978, p. 17). River valleys are separate natural systems characterised by specific forms of geological structure, relief, water relations and climate, as well as fauna and flora. These are precisely those features of the environment that condition and shape forms of human activity. The type of valley development has a strong impact on valuable natural features as well as on flood protection issues. In areas with no urbanisation, the degree of conversion of natural areas relates directly to the system of land-use types. The highest degree of conversion is associated with areas of cultivation, while a more limited degree char-acterises grassland, and the lowest degree if all forest areas. The mosaic of land uses of differing intensities is associated with growing fragmentation of the river and valley environment. In turn, from the point of view of flood protection the greatest emphasis is placed on analysis of the level of investment in the areas in question, and on identifying places that face a more distinct hazard, the correct identification obviously being of key importance in ensuring proper protection (Słoneczka et al., 2008). A surge in built-up areas in flood-hazard zones tends to be associated with flooding of increased extent and frequency (Konrad, 2003). In the area under study, the highest degree of horizontal intensity of development is that characterising the three towns of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, Kutno and Łowicz. In the gmina of Tomaszów Mazowiecki approximately 14% of the flood-hazard area has been developed, mainly with technical and production facilities, with the major potential losses in the event of a flood being likely along the Rivers Czarna and Piasecznica. In Kutno, the index for horizontal intensity of development for flood-hazard areas reaches 7.5%, an example that illustrates how smaller rivers offer a greater sense of security. People are more willing to build in the valleys of such rivers, with tragic consequences, given the way that the floods occurring in smaller valleys are more dynamic and harder to safeguard against. In Łowicz, the horizontal intensity index for 1% water is found to be 4.5%. The valley bottom of the Bzura is very wide here, especially in the western and eastern parts of the gmina where buildings are present (the central section of the river within the town’s administrative boundaries has an embankment). Smaller rivers, especially the Czarna, Piasecznica and Ochnia, give users a sense of security, as does a location below the Sulejowski and Jeziorsko Reservoirs. All this is leading to an intensification of land development in this area, and to an increase in potential adverse consequences in the event of flooding. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/56855/PDF/WA51_77386_r2015-t87-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Borowska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 87 z. 3 (2015) PY - 2015 IS - 3 EP - 553 KW - spatial organization KW - flood-prone areas KW - Łódzkie voivodship KW - GIS KW - flood risk A1 - Borowska-Stefańska, Marta PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 87 CY - Warszawa SP - 535 T1 - Zagospodarowanie terenów zagrożonych powodziami w gminach województwa łódzkiego = Land use in flood-prone areas of Poland’s Łódź voivodship UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/56855 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The main objective of this paper was to demonstrate the changes in the natural thermal regime of the middle course of the Dunajec River, caused by the construction of the reservoir complex in the villages of Czorsztyn and Sromowce Wyżne 1994-1997. The analysis is based on water temperature measurements conducted in the river longitudinal profile, four times at the turn of 2012/2013 under hydrometeorological conditions for each season of the year. The field research results were expanded to include an analysis of archival materials relating to the temperature of the Dunajec River, in the hydrological years from 1984 to 2007, at the village of Krościenko’s water-gauging station. The station is located approximately 22 km downstream from the Czorsztyn and Sromowce Wyżne Reservoirs. The analysis showed that the formation of the Czorsztyn-Sromowce Wyżne Reservoir Complex caused a distinct change in the thermal regime of the mid-Dunajec River. Under favorable conditions these changes reach the Rożnów-Czchów Reservoir Complex. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/56791/PDF/WA51_77359_r2015-t88-no3_G-Polonica-Wiejaczka.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 88 No. 3 (2015) PY - 2015 IS - 3 EP - 482 KW - Carpathians KW - Czorsztyn reservoir KW - Dunajec River KW - Sromowce Wyżne reservoir KW - water temperature A1 - Wiejaczka, Łukasz A1 - Kijowska-Strugała, Małgorzata A1 - Pierwoła, Paweł A1 - Nowak, Mariusz PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 88 CY - Warszawa SP - 467 T1 - Influence of the Czorsztyn-Sromowce Wyżne Reservoir Complex on the Dunajec River thermal-regime UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/56791 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Geographisches Institut (Weimar) PB - Im Verlage des Geograph. Instituts N1 - Scale [ca 1:5 000] N1 - 1 map : copperplate engraving ; 21x21 cm, on sheet 25x34 cm N1 - Next to the plan there is a list of squares and more important objects on the map M3 - Image CY - Weimar PY - 1806 KW - street maps KW - Madrid street maps KW - Madrid KW - 19th century T1 - Plan von Madrid UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/59267 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Taking into account foreign trade in goods the process of internationalization of the Polish economy has been uneven not only within the scope of foreign trade operators and its product and geographical structure, but also within the territorial perspective across the country. During the period after 1990, the basic structures of the “export space” of Poland were transformed. At the same time, these structures remained, to some extent, embedded in a centrally planned economy, especially in the industrialization processes that have been taking place since the World War II. The aim of the paper is identification and delimitation of areas of export concentration (AEC) as well as to provide for more systematic information on the changes taking place in the export space of the country resulted from the competitiveness and economic power of local economies. The obtained results were related to the general changes in the the country’s spatial structure, including basic theoretical concepts and strategic documents. AEC shall be considered as a contiguous geographical area with the above-average importance of exports for the local economy, determined by several conditions: (a) exports per capita of the LAU 1 unit is higher than the national average; (b) exports in relation to sold industrial output in the LAU 1 unit is higher than the national average; (c) total exports of AEC exceeds 1% of total exports from Poland; (d) AEC respects the principle of territorial continuity. These conditions were applied for the years: 1995 (the period immediately after the economic transition), 1997 (the period of locating foreign investments in the country), 2000 (the period after the crisis in the Eastern markets), 2005 (at the start of the full integration of Poland into the European Union), 2007 (the period of favourable exports performance resulted from the accession to the EU), 2009 (the first wave of economic crisis) and 2013 (the present years). The primary unit of study is the county (LAU 1). The analysis was conducted in US dollars (USD) based on materials from EXTRA- and INTRASTAT systems. The spatial structures of units considered as AEC in the analysed years is a synthetic picture of exports space of Poland. It may be assumed that it creates a polygon with vertices constituting the “poles of the global economy”, which are: Warsaw, Rzeszów, Cracow, Upper Silesian conurbation, Wroclaw, Słubice and Gdańsk. At the same time, in Western Poland, a zone with strong international relations is becoming increasingly apparent, it covers a large part of the LAU 1 units of the provinces of wielkopolskie, dolnośląskie and lubuskie voivodeships. Spatial structures related to industrialization processes taking place during the period of centrally planned economy proved to be quite stable. Despite the shift in the main exports centres from the south of Poland to the west, the observed changes were not spectacular. In favourable economic conditions, there was a deglomeration of exports, but these changes were not of a lasting nature. During the crisis period we observed a regression, which excluded the emergence of new sustainable AEC, among others. in the east of Poland. Thus the changes anticipated during the initial phase of the transformation in the spatial structure of the country were probably premature. The changes observed during this period reflected the fluctuations associated with the transformation process itself. Regardless of the stability of the general spatial structure, the dynamics of the emergence (as well as the “collapse”) of AEC is a good measure of the transformation of individual centres and industrial districts of Poland after 1989. There has been confirmed such processes as: economic contraction of Łódź, relative decrease in the role of the Upper Silesian conurbation, gradual replacement of Poznań by Wrocław as the country’s second most important economic pole. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/63063/PDF/WA51_82912_r2017-t89-z2_Przeg-Geogr-Komornic.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 89 z. 2 (2017) PY - 2017 IS - 2 EP - 289 KW - Poland KW - regional export KW - export concentration areas KW - Geography A1 - Komornicki, Tomasz A1 - Szejgiec-Kolenda, Barbara PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 89 CY - Warszawa SP - 269 T1 - Przekształcenia przestrzennego rozmieszczenia obszarów koncentracji eksportu w Polsce = Transformation of spatial distribution of areas of export concentration in Poland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/63063 ER - TY - GEN N1 - Bibliogr. N1 - Summ. eng. N1 - 244 p. : il. (color.) ; 24 cm N2 - The article presents the possibilities and perspectives of using a computer model to predict changes in forest landscapes, taking into account each tree with simultaneous analysis of large areas of forest compartments and airborne laser scanning data. The model is based on the combination of cellular automata approach with patch process models. The innovative nature of the work associated with the combination of modern techniques of remote sensing gives the possibility of statistical analysis and computer programming. Using the developed model after its verification on the data from the Świdnik forest district the prognosis of forest dynamics was carried out within the entire forest compartments. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58009/PDF/WA51_78256_r2014-t38_PEK-Kociuba.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Problemy Ekologii Krajobrazu = The Problems of Landscape Ecology, t. 38 PY - 2014 EP - 170 KW - ALS KW - cellular automata KW - forest KW - model KW - prognosis A1 - Kociuba, Piotr A1 - Kozak, Ihor PB - Polska Asocjacja Ekologii Krajobrazu PB - Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego. VL - 38 CY - Warszawa SP - 161 T1 - Zastosowanie autorskiego modelu komputerowego do prognozowania zmian w krajobrazach leśnych = The use of the original computer model to predict changes in forest landscapes UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58009 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/53535/PDF/WA51_72901_r2015-t87-no1_Przeg-Geogr-Lawnicza.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 87 z. 1 (2015) PY - 2015 IS - 1 EP - 107 KW - lake-area KW - disappearance of lakes KW - protected areas KW - GIS A1 - Ławniczak, Agnieszka E. A1 - Kutyła, Sebastian PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 87 CY - Warszawa SP - 95 T1 - Zmiany powierzchni jezior wybranych obszarów chronionych na podstawie materiałów kartograficznych* = Lake-area changes in selected protected areas on the basis of cartographic materials UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/53535 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baranowski, Ignacy Tadeusz (1879–1917) A2 - Tymieniecki, Kazimierz (1887–1968). Wyd. PB - Wydaw. M. Arcta N1 - 192 pp ; 23 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/53947/PDF/WA51_22606_PAN36813-r1919_Przemysl-polski.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa PY - 1919 KW - industry KW - history KW - Poland KW - 16th century T1 - Przemysł polski w XVI wieku UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/53947 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - This paper discusses the post-1930 directions to land-cover changes in the Małe Pieniny Mts. located in the central part of the northern Carpathians. This environmentally homogenous area was divided by the Polish-Slovakian state border after World War I, having previously been also culturally homogenous, with Ruthenians inhabitants living in both northern and southern parts. After World War II, a resettlement of Ruthenians out of the Polish part of the mountains took place. From the 1950s onwards, the Polish part became increasingly important as a sheep-grazing region. In contrast, on the Slovakian side, the area experienced gradual post-war depopulation and an abandonment of agricultural land, the communist-inspired development of industrialization having induced out-migration. While collectivization did take place in Slovakia after World War II, an increase in the area of agricultural land in mountainous regions was impeded by the local environmental conditions. The research conducted based itself upon information on archival 1:100 000-scale topographic maps, a contemporary SPOT 5 (2004) panchromatic image and an SRTM digital elevation model. Three land-cover classes were defined by means of visual interpretation and on-screen digitization, i.e. forests, agricultural land and built-up areas. Analysis for the period 1936–2004 revealed an increase in the area of forest on both the Polish and Slovakian sides, as combined with a decrease in the area of agricultural land. The share of agricultural land decreased from 74% to 44% on the Polish side and from 82% to 54% on the Slovakian. At the same time the share accounted by forests increased from 23% to 54% in Poland and from 16% to 45% in Slovakia. A slight decrease in the built-up area was to be observed on both sides of the border. The annual rate of forest-cover change reached 1.26% in the case of the Polish part, 1.47% for the Slovakian. Although Ruthenians were only resettled out of the Polish part, the directions to long-term land-cover changes were similar on both sides of the border. However, landcover changes triggered by the resettlement action are visibly less dependent on environmental conditions (slope and elevation). Thus, the changes associated with a gradual depopulation in Slovakia, as connected with the abandonment of agricultural land, were of a more selective nature, occurring at higher elevations and on steeper slopes. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/55623/PDF/WA51_75229_r2009-t81-z1_Przeg-Geogr-Kaim.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 81 z. 1 (2009) PY - 2009 IS - 1 EP - 106 KW - land use and land cover changes KW - border areas KW - Małe Pieniny Mountains KW - GIS KW - remote sensing A1 - Kaim, Dominik PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 81 CY - Warszawa SP - 93 T1 - Zmiany pokrycia terenu na pograniczu polsko-słowackim na przykładzie Małych Pienin = Land-cover changes in Polish-Slovakian border regions: a case study of the Małe Pieniny Mts. UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/55623 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The daily minimum and maximum temperatures at seven Polish stations were used in an analysis of the occurrence of heatwaves in the years 1951-2006. Heatwaves were defined as days with temperatures exceeding selected thresholds (tmax ≥25°C, tmax ≥30°C, tmin ≥18°C). The mean length of a wave of very warm days lasts from 2-4 days, the longest no fewer than 23 days. Waves comprising hot days and nights are shorter. The frequencies of very warm and hot days and hot nights increased in the analyzed period, especially its second half (1979-2006). The occurrence of heatwaves characteristically links up with high-pressure systems over Central Europe, along with associated blocking episodes. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/55499/PDF/WA51_74820_r2009-t82-no1_G-Polonica-Wibig2.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 82 No. 1 (2009) PY - 2009 IS - 1 EP - 46 KW - extreme temperature KW - Sen's slope KW - Lund classification KW - composite method KW - Poland A1 - Wibig, Joanna A1 - Podstawczyńska, Agnieszka A1 - Rzepa, Marcin A1 - Piotrowski, Piotr PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 82 CY - Warszawa SP - 33 T1 - Heatwaves in Poland – frequency, trends and relationships with atmospheric circulation UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/55499 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of the study was to identify and examine main directions of soil patterns, typology, SOC (Soil Organic Carbon) and Nt (Total Nitrogen) content in the topsoil changes that have occurred in kettle holes as an effect of soil erosion and anthropogenic denudation. Varied in the type of land use, three closed basins located in young glacial landscape in north-western Poland were investigated. According to the type of land use, the total area of soils with untransformed or moderately transformed morphology is different. Significant modifications have been taking place not only in mineral soils, which are located on slopes, but especially in soils of the bottom of sedimentary basins. In fact, most of primary soil properties and morphology have been replaced by new characteristics. The most intensive modifications of soil morphology and soil chemical properties occurs within croplands. Total area of colluvial soils can be treated as indicator of soil erosion processes intensity. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/59325/PDF/WA51_79164_r2015-t89-no3_G-Polonica-Kruczkows.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 89 No. 3 (2016) PY - 2016 IS - 3 EP - 343 KW - kettle holes KW - soil cover evolution KW - soil redistribution KW - soil morphology KW - soil chemical properties A1 - Kruczkowska, Bogusława PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 89 CY - Warszawa SP - 323 T1 - The use of kettle holes for reconstructing former soil cover in different types of land use UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/59325 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Village renewal is one of the basic tools for supporting the socio-economic development of rural areas in Poland. This article is an attempt to compare, on the example of the Małopolskie Voivodeship, two different sources of funding projects directly supporting the renewal process – programmes co-financed by the European funds and the Działaj Lokalnie (Act Locally) Programme. In both cases, particular attention was paid to the role and activity of various local entities in the process of village renewal. The analysis of completed projects and their beneficiaries indicates complementarity of the two rural development support instruments. Village renewal projects financed from the European Union budget, implemented mainly by public sector entities, primarily include infrastructure investments. On the other hand, within the Act Locally Programme there are supported soft activities, targeted, among others at building and strengthening local identity, undertaken by entities representing the social sector. Combining both sources of financing and the efforts of various local actors may be a response to searching for comprehensive solutions leading to multidimensional village renewal. - L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/76839/PDF/WA51_98834_r2018-t52_SOW-Mucha.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 52 PY - 2018 EP - 93 KW - village renewal KW - local actors KW - Małopolskie voivodeship KW - European funds KW - Act Locally Programme A1 - Mucha, Agnieszka. Autor A1 - Świgost, Agnieszka. Autor A1 - Sykała, Łukasz. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN PB - PTG VL - 52 CY - Warszawa SP - 77 T1 - Aktywność podmiotów lokalnych w procesie odnowy wsi w województwie małopolskim = Activity of local actors in the process of village renewal in the Małopolskie Voivodeship UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/76839 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Tourism continues to be one of the world’s largest industries and its total impact is impressive. This economic sector has boasted virtually uninterrupted growth over time, despite occasional shocks, demonstrating its strength and resilience. In 2017, it contributed to 10% of the global GDP. For this reason, in the UNWTO Tourism Highlights (2017) it has been called a key to development, prosperity and well-being. However, some negative issues and social problems, like alcoholism, deterioration of local tradition or teen prostitution, triggered by uncontrolled development of tourism industry are often silenced. The real nature of the relationship between tourism and regional socio-economic growth is of particular importance to local authorities and policy makers. Nowadays, about 80% of local authorities in Poland perceive tourism as a basic or complementary direction of socio-economic development, as researched by A. Pawlikowska-Piechotka (2013). Therefore, the main aim of this study was to answer the question how tourism is perceived by local authorities of rural communes in the Pomorskie Voivodeship and to what extend its development is deliberately planned in their strategic documents. In order to achieve such an objective, the author analysed current strategic documents issued by 74 rural communes using computer and context analysis methods. The author analysed more than 5860 pages in total. Special attention was paid to two selected sections of the documents: strategic and operational objectives as well as the SWOT analysis. These were analysed in the context of tourism development. The research has revealed that examined documents are not an effective and sufficient tool for tourism development as they are too general and lacking realistic goals to be evaluated in the future. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/86627/PDF/WA51_112319_r2019-t53_SOW-Nowicka.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 53 PY - 2019 EP - 76 KW - tourism KW - local development KW - development strategy of commune A1 - Nowicka, Klaudia. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN PB - PTG VL - 53 CY - Warszawa SP - 63 T1 - Turystyka w dokumentach strategicznych gmin wiejskich województwa pomorskiego = Tourism in strategic documents of rural communes in the Pomorskie Voivodeship UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/86627 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of this paper was to identify trends in the development of rural hotel infrastructure in Poland in the period of 2012‒2017. The research encompassed star-ranked hotels. The objective was achieved by means of analysis concerning temporal and spatial changes in the number and structure of rural hotel facilities. Research involved cartographic analysis of a synthetic indicator based upon a modified Baretje-Defert tourist function index and hotel density indicator. During the period being examined development of rural hotel infrastructure was of a greater intensity comparing to urban areas. This rapid development was related to upscale hotels mainly. Spatial concentration of rural hotel facilities occurred in the outskirts of major agglomerations as well as traditional rural areas in the regions of Wielkopolska, Warmia, Kashubia, Carpathian Foothills, and Pilica river valley. During the investigated period rural hotel infrastructure developed mainly in the southern and eastern parts of Poland. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/86626/PDF/WA51_112288_r2019-t53_SOW-Napierala.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 53 PY - 2019 EP - 62 KW - rural areas KW - hotels KW - rural hotel infrastructure KW - Poland A1 - Napierała, Tomasz. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN PB - PTG VL - 53 CY - Warszawa SP - 51 T1 - Usługi hotelowe na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce = Hotel infrastructure in the rural areas of Poland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/86626 ER - TY - GEN PB - IGiPZ PAN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/61349/PDF/WA51_80451_r2016-t30_Europa-XXI-Contents.pdf M3 - Text VL - 30 CY - Warszawa J2 - Europa XXI 30 (2016) J2 - Territorial uncertainty as a challenge for regional policy in Europe PY - 2016 EP - 3 T1 - Europa XXI 30 (2016), Contents SP - 3 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/61349 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of this article is to identify and describe ways of acquiring and transferring knowledge in the agricultural environment, as well as socio-cultural determinants of this process. Based on the research conducted, the author distinguishes and defines two levels of knowledge transmission among farmers. Particularly important in these considerations is the farmer's attribution to his “place”, defined as a specific ingrown to the ground and the consequent knowledge that arises from human co-operation with that “place” which is the act of long-term socialization and the experience of the environment. Knowledge transfer is present in everyday activities, observations of others' work, exchange of ideas and experiences with other members of a given local community. Knowledge transfer also occurs as a result of the relationship between a “place” of farmer's life and work, which is manifested as a home and farm, and their surroundings. These relationships are equally functional and social in character, and they result in the development of qualitatively diverse living environment dependent on individual biographies. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/63467/PDF/WA51_83195_r2017-t46_SOW-Wojcik.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 46 PY - 2017 EP - 169 KW - farmers KW - local resources KW - knowledge KW - place A1 - Wójcik, Marcin PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 46 CY - Warszawa SP - 159 T1 - Wiedza jako zasób lokalny w środowisku społecznym wsi. Przypadek rodzin rolniczych = Knowledge as a local resource in the rural social environment. A case of agricultural families UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/63467 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The article aims to identify social dimension in the process of electing the leaders of agricultural producer groups. The study provides the characteristics of the leaders of 26 groups operating in the area of Krotoszyn district. The study has been based on documentary method consisting in an analysis of the data bases and official registers concerning the producers’ groups, and on the survey method. The leaders of producer groups are mainly persons with good knowledge of conditions of the agricultural activities on a given area and with above-average entrepreneurial spirit. Depicting the character of a “good” leader may be used to determine the target groups of educational activities for training of the managing personnel of existing and future producer groups. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/63466/PDF/WA51_83194_r2017-t46_SOW-Bala.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 46 PY - 2017 EP - 158 KW - Agricultural producer groups KW - leader KW - Krotoszyn county A1 - Bała, Dawid PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 46 CY - Warszawa SP - 149 T1 - Lokalni liderzy w funkcjonowaniu grup producenckich w powiecie krotoszyńskim = Local leaders in the functioning of producer groups in Krotoszyn district UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/63466 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The work detailed here concerns an analysis of characteristic (i.e. Wq maximum, Sq – mean and Nq – minimum) specific runoff from selected river catchments in Poland as set against the recorded intensity of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) as quantified using Hurrell’s NAO index. Analysis was based around daily river discharges at water–gauges located along 40 rivers in numerous different regions of Poland (Fig. 2), and deemed to be representative of various kinds of hydrological regime. The data spanned the 1951-2010 period, though time series for particular river catchments were in fact in the 48- to 60-year range. The data in question were made subject to calculations of coefficients for the correlation between simultaneous series describing characteristic specific river runoffs and values of Hurrell’s NAO index. However, assessment also accounted for inertia of specific river runoff, by using cross-correlation coefficients, and most especially the relationship between studied specific river runoff and values for the NAO index recorded in the preceding year. The statistical significances of correlation and cross–correlation coefficient values were assessed using the Student t test ( = 0.05). The correlation between values for the Hurrell index and weighted average specific runoff from Poland was also analysed. A key research finding was that the largest number of statistically-significant correlation coefficients (19 and 14 respectively) were obtained when Hurrell’s NAO index was set against maximum or mean specific river runoffs (Fig. 4). In contrast, the NAO is shown to have a rather minor impact on minimum specific river runoff in Poland (with significance achieved for data from just 3 catchments). Asynchronicity to the relationship between the NAO and characteristic runoff in Poland was also observed, though it needs stressing that the NAO primarily influences specific river runoff in southern Poland, with only a more minor influence on runoff in the lowland and lakeland regions of central and northern Poland. The calculated cross–correlation method largely failed to reveal inertia of the analysed characteristic specific river runoff, with no statistically significant correlation being obtained between Hurrell index values and weighted average specific runoff from Poland. Equally, several-year periods with an asynchronous relationship between the NAO and weighted average specific runoff from Poland were to be noted between 1960 and 2010. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/63168/PDF/WA51_82915_r2017-t89-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Stanisla.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 89 z. 3 (2017) PY - 2017 IS - 3 EP - 428 KW - North Atlantic Oscillation KW - individual characteristic runoff KW - Poland A1 - Stanisławczyk, Beata PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 89 CY - Warszawa SP - 413 T1 - Wieloletnia dynamika odpływów charakterystycznych z wybranych zlewni Polski w świetle zmian indeksu NAO = Multiannual dynamics of characteristic runoff from selected Polish river catchments in the light of changes of the NAO index UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/63168 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The operation of dams is the key cause of river discontinuity, with reduced flow velocity towards dams reflected in gradual change in the physicochemical properties of water, the concentration and characteristics of suspension matter, and the properties of bottom sediments. In the case of dam reservoirs operating in a cascade system, the most major transformations of river-water abiotic and biotic characteristics take place in the first reservoir of the cascade, with properties of the aqueous environment in consecutive bodies of water then affected markedly. Detailed here, research conducted in the Upper Volga Reservoirs in Russia sought to assess the size and nature of changes in the physicochemical properties of water and in characteristics of the suspended material and bottom sediments that take place along the longitudinal profile of this Cascade of reservoirs. Results were then used to determine the relationships pertaining between the separate reservoirs of the Cascade, and to recognise the capacity for the typical longitudinal zonation to be reproduced in consecutive reservoirs along the cascade. The reservoirs of the upper part of the Volga Cascade are located in an area of limited environmental contrast. In such a situation, variability to the physicochemical properties of water and characteristics of the bottom sediments along the longitudinal profile are conditioned primarily by hydrological factors. The study showed that the functioning of the reservoirs as part of a cascade system did not result in the disappearance of the characteristic three-section aquatic environment, expressed by the presence of riverine, transitional and lacustrine zones. The equivalent of the riverine zones in the second and subsequent reservoirs are backflow zones, which extend to the dam of the upstream reservoir. The high-energy, erosive force of water downstream from dams denotes hydrodynamic conditions similar to those in the upper, riverine sections of reservoirs operating independently. The presented three-section model for the reservoirs was preserved mainly in terms of diversified bottom-sediment properties. A regularity detected entailed decreasing mean grain size towards the dam, and a parallel increase in OM content in the sediment. A significant impact on bottom–sediment properties is also exerted by the velocity and direction of currents, by depth and bottom morphology, and by the properties of the clastic material supplied to the reservoir from various sources. Only to a lesser extent is the three-section model of the aquatic environment in reservoirs evident in physicochemical properties of the water. However, the intense turbulence present in water below dams ensures such strong mixing that vertical gradients in water temperature are realigned, and oxygenation of bottom layers of water improved. In this sense, these particular sections of reservoirs are similar to the riverine zones of reservoirs operating independently. The presence of less-mineralised water in the lower, deepest sections of the reservoirs and below dams indicates a hydrochemical connection between the consecutive bodies of water. Furthermore, a significant influence on changes in the course of analysed parameters must be ascribed to local conditions, with the impacts of tributaries, but also other local factors like depth, the presence of erosional banks and intensity of shipping, proving just as important as causes of disturbance to the river continuum as dams. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/63167/PDF/WA51_82914_r2017-t89-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Gierszew.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 89 z. 3 (2017) PY - 2017 IS - 3 EP - 412 KW - reservoirs cascade KW - discontinuity of river KW - bed load KW - upper Volga KW - Russia A1 - Gierszewski, Piotr J. A1 - Zakonnov, Viktor V. A1 - Kaszubski, Michał A1 - Kordowski, Jarosław PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 89 CY - Warszawa SP - 391 T1 - Transformacja właściwości wody i osadów w profilu podłużnym zbiorników zaporowych Kaskady Górnej Wołgi* = Transformation of water and sediment properties along the longitudinal profile of the Upper Volga Cascade Reservoirs UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/63167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiśniewski, Rafał (1977– ). Redaktor A1 - Regulska, Edyta. Redaktor PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 94 pages: illustrations; 24 cm N1 - On the reverse of the title page: A special issue issued on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Przegląd Geograficzny N1 - Bibliography on works. N1 - Partially English text. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/122792/PDF/WA51_151385_r2019_Przeg-Geogr-Specjaln.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny (2019). Zeszyt specjalny PY - © 2019 KW - Geography KW - research KW - history KW - ways of development KW - Poland T1 - Tradycja i współczesność w geografii w Polsce UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/122792 ER -