TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/40956/PDF/WA51_58445_r2013-t86-no4_G-Polonica-Kedzia.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 86 No. 4 (2013) PY - 2013 IS - 4 EP - 374 KW - Rhizocarpon KW - lichenometry KW - Tatra Mountains KW - Karkonosze Mountains A1 - Kędzia, Stanisław PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 86 CY - Warszawa SP - 363 T1 - Problems and possibilities of lichenometric dating in Polish mountains UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/40956 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - While 70 forms created by debris flows have been mapped for the Polish part of the Karkonosze Mountains, only 14 of these have a known time of origin and have been described in available literature. The oldest registered and described flows occurred in 1964, as followed by further events in 1994, 1997, 2001, 2002 and 2006. In 2011-2012 and 2014. Lichenometric measurements were carried out for the forms created by debris flows in the Karkonosze Mountains, i.e. the Great Snowy Cirque, the Black Cirque of Jagniątków, the Small Tarn Cirque, the Łomniczka Cirque and the White Jar nivation niche, in order to investigate levels of activity over the past 150 years. The lichenometric dating was based around lichens of the Rhizocarpon group. A major obstacle proved to be the limited amounts of lichens, or even their total absence in the case of the youngest forms created by debris flows. An exception was the Łomniczka Cirque. On the basis of the lichenometric dating it proved possible to identify three phases to the activity of Karkonosze debris flows. The first of these was characterised by a high intensity of the processes studied, and was associated with the Little Ice Age. As in the Tatra Mountains, this phase was seen to end in the 1920s, and was followed by a period of relative calm, interspersed with a small number of debris flows in the 1930s and 40s, and then in 1964. The next phase of increased activity as regards the transport of rock material within the forms created by flows (and including new debris flows), began in the 1980s, and has continued through to the present day. The debris flows in the Polish part of the Karkonosze Mountains are thus characterised by a course of activity similar to that noted in the Tatra Mountains. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/59910/PDF/WA51_79803_r2016-t88-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Kedzia.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 88 z. 3 (2016) PY - 2016 IS - 3 EP - 416 KW - cirques KW - debris flows KW - lichenometric dating KW - Karkonosze Mountains A1 - Kędzia, Stanisław A1 - Parzóch, Krzysztof PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 88 CY - Warszawa SP - 401 T1 - Aktywność spływów gruzowych w polskiej części Karkonoszy w świetle badań lichenometrycznych = The activity of debris flows in the Polish part of the Karkonosze Mountains in the light of lichenometric measurements UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/59910 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Climate change has a huge impact on many forms of life and processes occurring on Earth. As high mountains have emerged as particularly sensitive to climate change, the Tatras, have long been a site for research on climate change and its impact on the environment. Debris flows are among the most spectacular hydrometeorological and geomorphological events occurring in high mountains, and given the long-term permafrost and large number of multiannual snow patches occurring in the Tatras, as well as the impact these exert on slope morphodynamics, it was also decided to examine the impact of climate change on selected elements of the cryosphere here. Equally, although the Karkonosze may not be counted as high mountains, but are at best intermediate between these and mountains of medium height, research of the same kind as in the Tatras has nevertheless been pursued at locations within this range. Lichenometric dating shows that the period with the greatest intensity of slope modelling in the two mountain ranges was the so-called “Little Ice Age”, the end of which is similar in the Karkonosze to in the Tatras. In both ranges, the 1930s and 1940s brought an upsurge in debris flows. Another phase of increased frequency of debris flows in the Tatras generally began in the 1970s and has continued through to the present day, while the analogous phenomenon in the Karkonosze Mountains began some 10-20 years later. Analysis of the intensity and duration of precipitation indicates that, in both the Tatra Mountains and the Karkonosze, daily precipitation totals are much less significant for the initiation of debris flows than the intensity of precipitation at given times. In the Tatras, it is sufficient for heavy precipitation of more than 1 mm/min to persist for at least 15 minutes, for debris flows to begin to occur. In the case of the Karkonosze, the duration of such heavy-rainfall events is slightly longer, with the presently-available (still scant) data suggesting 30 minutes is siffucient. The thickness of the cones analysed by GPR sounding in the Tatra Mountains is at least twice as great as that of the cones present at Mały Staw in the Karkonosze Mountains. This difference mainly reflects the size and shape of the sediment supply area and the type and dynamics of the morphogenetic processes providing the material from which the cones are formed. The Karkonosze Mountains currently lack any multiannual snow patches, though it seems very likely that 80+ years ago (at the end of the “Little Ice Age”), snow did cover parts of these mountains for almost the whole year. Existing debris glaciers in the Tatra Mountains, like the largest such glacier in the Karkonosze, displayed no activity during the “Little Ice Age”, despite the probable presence of permafrost in some of the Tatra rock glaciers. Despite the climatic differences between the Tatra and Karkonosze Mountains (mainly related to altitude and geographical location), a high degree of concordance is to be noted in the course of changes in morphogenetic processes discussed in this paper. These in turn relate to the latitudinal teleconnection phenonenon found by both climatologists and dendrochronologists. The impact of climate change on the activity of debris flows and the response on the part of snow patches/ glacierettes in the Tatra Mountains and the Karkonosze Mountains is seen to be similar to the impact and change reported in the Alps. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/63165/PDF/WA51_82880_r2017-t89-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Kedzia.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 89 z. 3 (2017) PY - 2017 IS - 3 EP - 376 KW - Tatra Mountains KW - Karkonosze Mountains KW - cryosphere KW - debris flows A1 - Kędzia, Stanisław PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 89 CY - Warszawa SP - 353 T1 - Zapis zmian klimatu w ostatnich 200 latach w morfodynamice stoków oraz kriosferze Tatr i Karkonoszy = A record of climate changes over the past 200 years in slope morphodynamics and the cryosphere of the Tatra and Karkonosze Mountains UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/63165 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Mountain areas are ecosystems very vulnerable to fluctuations and changes of climate. As a consequence, research into climate and climate change in Poland’s Karkonosze and Tatra Mountains has been ongoing for several years now, and has already yielded essential information regarding these highest ranges in Poland. However, there remains a paucity of research comparing features of climate in the two chains of mountains. In consequence, the work detailed here has sought to compare key climate characteristics in these ranges, as well as their seasonal and multiannual changes over the period 1951‒2015. The research is based on daily meteorological records from within the network of Poland’s Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute. In the case of the Karkonosze Mts., it was the meteorological stations at Śnieżka (Ś, 1603 m a.s.l.) and Jelenia Góra (JG, 344 m a.s.l.) that were chosen; while in the Tatras the selected stations were on Kasprowy Wierch (KW, 1990 m a.s.l.) and in Zakopane (Z, 857 m a.s.l.). Additionally, the station at Hala Gąsienicowa (HG, 1520 m a.s.l.) was considered in line with data available for the shorter 1981‒2015 period. The research took account of daily data on air temperature, relative humidity of the air, wind speed, precipitation and snow cover. Specifically, the climate characteristics calculated and analysed by reference to mean multiannual, yearly and seasonal values related to air temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, precipitation totals and maximum snow depth. Further analysis related to numbers of days with precipitation and snow cover, as well as numbers of days with specific air temperatures described as hot (Tmax >25°C), frosty (Tmax <0°C), very frosty (Tmin<-10°C) and icy (Tmax<-10°C). Several climate similarities and differences between the Tatra and Karkonosze Mts. were found to include: 1. mean annual altitudinal gradients for air temperature that are similar for the Tatras (-0.53°C per 100 m) and the Karkonosze (-0.55°C/100 m), 2. the coldest month at the bottoms of both ridges being January, and the warmest July; while top stations feature a 1-month delay, in the sense that February and August are the coldest and warmest months respectively, 3. differing altitudinal gradients of maximum temperature, with the Tatras reporting -0.77°C per 100 m and the Karkonosze – -0. 88°C/100 m, 4. yearly precipitation totals and altitudinal precipitation gradients that are significantly less well-marked in the Karkonosze than in the Tatras (respectively 1212 and 1721 mm, as well as 38.0 and 52.9 mm per 100 m), 5. more precipitation days on Śnieżka than Kasprowy Wierch (237 v 227), 6. relative humidity of air that is highest in autumn and winter below the two ranges, while being highest at the summits in summer, 7. a wind speed in the Karkonosze that is higher than in the Tatras; i.e. 12.2 v 6.6 m/s at the summits, and 2.5 and 1.4 m/s respectively down below, 8. snow cover of 218 days duration at the top of the Tatra Mts., as opposed to 187 days on Mt. Śnieżka. The study also considered multiannual changes in elements of climate over the 1951–2015. Trends achieving statistical significance (with 99, 95% or 90% confidence levels) were confined to just some of the characteristics and stations. Nevertheless, the Tatra and Karkonosze Mts. have experienced an increase in mean annual air temperature – respectively of 0.20–0.27 and 0.22–0.40°C each consecutive 10-year period. Significant changes were also observed for maximum temperature, Tmax equal to 0.35–0.36°C per 10 years in the Tatras and 0.4–0.5°C per decade in the Karkonosze. In the case of precipitation totals the only significant change in value is that noted for Śnieżka top, where the trend is a downward one equal to some 71 mm per 10 years. Where snow cover was concerned, the only effect was a slight decrease in the number of snowy days recorded at Zakopane, located just below the Tatra Mountains L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/70396/PDF/WA51_91749_r2019-t91-z1_Przeg-Geogr-Blazejczyk.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 1 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 1 EP - 62 KW - climate KW - climate change KW - Tatra Mountains KW - Karkonosze Mountains A1 - Błażejczyk, Krzysztof. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 41 T1 - Sezonowa i wieloletnia zmienność niektórych elementów klimatu w Tatrach i Karkonoszach w latach 1951–2015 = Seasonal and multiannual variability of selected elements of climate in the Tatra and Karkonosze Mts over the 1951–2015 period UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/70396 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Three isolated massifs in the Sudetes, Central Europe, are elevated sufficiently high to allow for the development of the treeline ecotone. These are the Karkonosze/Krkonoše in the West Sudetes and Hruby Jeseník and MasywŚnieżnika/Králický Sněžnik in the East Sudetes. The upper limit of closed tree stands (i.e. timberline) is located at c. 1250 m a.s.l. on average in the Krkonoše, but with significant variability spanning more than 500 m. In theEast Sudetes the respective elevation is higher, above 1300 m a.s.l., and the variability is smaller. While temperature is the primary factor governing the uppermost tree stands, second-order climatic factors play an importantrole in shaping treeline ecotone position, particularly wind and snow accumulation patterns. Active surface processes such as debris flows and snow avalanches force the timberline to descend and account for its locallyvery irregular course. There is a history of long-term human impact on the position of the timberline, with its peak in the 17-19th centuries when high-mountain meadows were extensively used for grazing and haymaking.In the last century the overall trend of timberline ascent associated with abandonment of agricultural land and temperature rise has been interrupted by the episode of catastrophic forest decline due to air pollution. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/54608/PDF/WA51_74679_r2015-t88-no2_G-Polonica-Treml.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 88 No. 2 (2015) PY - 2015 IS - 2 EP - 70 KW - treeline ecotone KW - Karkonosze Mountains KW - Hruby Jesenik KW - Śnieżnik Massif KW - mountain ecology A1 - Treml, Vaclav A1 - Migoń, Piotr PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 88 CY - Warszawa SP - 55 T1 - Controlling factors limiting timberline position and shifts in the Sudetes: A review UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/54608 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Korytko, Stefan. Kartogr. A1 - Maleczyński, Karol (1897–1968). Tekst A1 - Grotowski, Zbigniew. Tekst A1 - Potocki, Ignacy (1906–1994). Tekst PB - Nakładem Spółdzielni Wydawniczo-Oświatowej "Czytelnik" Delegatura Śląska N1 - Scales differ N1 - 5 maps on 3 sheets : on sheet 38x29 cm, 45x36 cm, 42x22 cm, folded 18x11 cm + guide: 60 pp. ; 19 cm. N1 - Sheet 1: Wrocław [scale ca 1:24 000]. Aut. S. Korytko ; Sheet 2: Śródmieście [scale ca 1:7 100] ; Sheet 3: [Dolny Śląsk scale ca 1:700 000], Turystyczna mapa Karkonoszy [scale ca 1:210 000], Wrocław [scale ca 1:139 000] N1 - Title from the cover N1 - Includes: Z dziejów Wrocławia ; Wystawa Ziem Odzyskanych dzieło sztuki i techniki ; Alfabetyczny spis ulic ; Skorowidz [instytucji] ; Komunikacja ; Zabytki ; Dolny Śląsk - kraina uzdrowisk ; Skorowidz uzdrowisk dolnośląskich ; Stacje klimatyczne N1 - Chapters' authors: Karol Maleczyński, Zbigniew Grotowski, Ignacy Potocki N1 - Index of streets M3 - Text CY - Katowice J2 - Mapa i przewodnik po uzdrowiskach dolnośląskich PY - 1948 KW - street maps KW - Wrocław KW - Wrocław street maps KW - maps of healt resorts KW - tourist maps KW - health resorts KW - Lower Silesia KW - Karkonosze Mountains KW - tourist brochures T1 - Plan oraz informator miasta Wrocławia : mapa i przewodnik po uzdrowiskach dolnośląskich UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/13325 ER - TY - GEN PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/13226/PDF/WA51_16241_r1986-t58-z4_Przeg-Geogr.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa PY - 1986 KW - investments KW - spatial economy KW - labour markets KW - trade KW - migration KW - demographic models KW - level of education KW - rural population KW - ice-sheet recession KW - weathering KW - lacustrine sedimentation KW - Tatra Mountains KW - Karkonosze Mountains KW - Pomerania KW - Poland T1 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 58 z. 4 (1986) UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/13226 ER - TY - GEN PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/90/PDF/2008_tom_80_zeszyt_3.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa PY - 2008 KW - cities KW - history of cartography KW - street maps KW - Poznań street maps KW - maximum discharges KW - floods KW - rivers KW - northern hemisphere KW - debris flows KW - precipitation KW - specific electric conductivity KW - volcanoes KW - Poznań KW - Karkonosze Mountains KW - Sicily KW - Lipari Islands T1 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 80 z. 3 (2008) UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/90 ER - TY - GEN PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/1035/PDF/Wa51_3645_r1998-t70-z3-4_Przeg-Geogr.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa PY - 1998 KW - Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences KW - history of geography KW - geographers KW - physical geography KW - forests KW - satellite images KW - paradigms of geography KW - geography of services KW - geography of religion KW - electoral geography KW - climate KW - natural fertilisation KW - plant communities succession KW - agriculture KW - Spain 20th century KW - Białystok voivodship KW - Karkonosze Mountains KW - Izerskie Mountains KW - Poland T1 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 70 z. 3-4 (1998) UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/1035 ER -