TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/29181/PDF/WA51_49370_r2012-t85-no3_G-Polonica-Lesniak.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 85 No. 3 (2012) PY - 2012 IS - 3 EP - 54 KW - competitiveness KW - cross-border cooperation KW - Polish-German borderland A1 - Leśniak-Johann, Małgorzata A1 - Raczyk, Andrzej PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 85 CY - Warszawa SP - 37 T1 - The competitive position of border areas in relation to the Polish and German regions UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/29181 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/29015/PDF/WA51_46829_r2013-t86-no1_G-Polonica-Milewski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 86 No. 1 (2013) PY - 2013 IS - 1 EP - 54 KW - UTCI KW - Ziemia Kłodzka KW - Poland KW - GIS KW - bioclimatic conditions KW - heat load KW - head stress A1 - Milewski, Paweł PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 86 CY - Warszawa SP - 47 T1 - Application of the UTCI to the local bioclimate of Poland’s Ziemia Kłodzka region UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/29015 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 29 cm N2 - The paper presents the characterisation of turnover in foreign trade across the Polish segment of eastern boundary of the European Union. On the basis of data from the Ministry of Finance the variability was analysed of the volume of foreign trade in the years 2005 and 2007, considering different state borders, border crossing points and directions of trade. These considerations have been broadened by the analysis of the unregistered turnover of the peri-border trade, this analysis being based on the data from the Central Statistical Office (GUS). L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/55797/PDF/WA51_75564_r2010-t20_EuropaXXI-Szejgiec.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Europa XXI 20 (2010) PY - 2010 EP - 54 KW - commodity flows KW - foreign trade KW - eastern border of Poland A1 - Szejgiec, Barbara PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 20 CY - Warszawa SP - 45 T1 - Foreign trade commodity flows across the eastern boundary of Poland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/55797 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The paper reviews the main tendencies and problems of rural employment in Ukraine. It has been concluded that the issue of rural employment could not be solved without a well-defined rural development policy and separately from other problems related to the rural regions. That is why it is necessary to implement in Ukraine the integrated rural policy which assumes a multisectoral approach to overcome the existing problems, to stimulate the economic diversity, and to expand non-agricultural activities in the rural areas. In order to develop the rural labour market it will be essential to achieve balance between the urban and rural areas, to create an attractive business environment, to build a stable rural financial system, and to develop physical and social infrastructures. In this paper the descriptive analysis is used to analyse tendencies and to identify opportunities for the increase in rural employment across the country. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/56653/PDF/WA51_76932_r2015-t38_SOW-Moroz.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Local development in urban and rural space: project and planning J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 38 PY - 2015 EP - 54 KW - rural employment KW - rural development policy KW - Ukraine A1 - Moroz, Serhiy PB - IGiPZ PAN PB - PTG VL - 38 CY - Warszawa SP - 39 T1 - Employment in rural areas of Ukraine: tendencies and opportunities UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/56653 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of the article was to identify the role of specific and rare (including unique) resources in the development strategies of rural communes (in Polish: gmina). Peripheral communes (that is, located outside the sub-regions of big cities) were examined. Communes were selected from the ones with: the highest own revenue of communal budget per capita averaged for the years 2010-14; the highest indicator of natural persons conducting economic activity per 1,000 people at working age and the occurrence of rare resources (spas, sightseeing attractions). Communes adjacent to towns were excluded from analysis. Lists of development factors for SWOT analysis and other elements of strategic plans provided sources of information. Research methodology involved analysis and classification of studied development factors and further analysis of other parts within documents. The research results indicate that mineral resources (lignite) and tourist values, especially those associated with the sea and beaches have contributed to development of rural communes to the highest extent. Strategic documents of communes vary in quality. In many cases the strategies fail to adequately expose the specificity of resources. Methodological errors in the SWOT analysis are common. Positive missions emphasizing the specificity of communes are rare. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/62009/PDF/WA51_81599_r2016-t44_SOW-Soltys.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 44 PY - 2016 EP - 54 KW - strategic SWOT analysis KW - peripheral rural communes KW - strategies of development KW - rare resources KW - specific resouces A1 - Sołtys, Jacek PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 44 CY - Warszawa SP - 39 T1 - Zasoby rzadkie w planach strategicznych peryferyjnych gmin wiejskich = Rare resources in the strategic plans of peripheral rural communes UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/62009 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Water-level fluctuations are among the primary factors determining the functioning of lakes. The volume to which lake basins are filled with water is of major importance to the courses of many processes and phenomena. A particular amount of water in a lake, and water-table stability, are also important from the point of view of human activity, as these elements help determine the quantity and accessibility of the water resources lakes have to offer, and therefore the possibilities for them to be used by different branches of the economy, e.g. industry, agriculture or tourism. The work detailed here is thus a presentation of trends as regards water-level fluctuations in 16 lakes in Poland, over the period 1956–2015. The study results, obtained for the first time in relation to such a long time scale and extending to around a dozen lakes, aim to point to the scale and direction of water-level fluctuations in times of the intensive transformation of the natural environment. They were obtained by reference to water-level observations made by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute (IMiGW-PIB). Specifically, data referring to the (November-October) hydrological year were analysed for trends as regards mean annual water levels using the Mann-Kendall test. Results point to major variability in the courses noted for these levels over the analysed multiannual period. Nevertheless, three overall situations could be designated from within the group of cases analysed, i.e. increase, decrease or lack of a trend. The first group includes Lakes Sławskie, Jamno, Łebsko, Nidzkie, and Studzieniczne (where increases were statistically significant at p=0.05); the second, Lakes Ostrzyckie and Ełckie (decreases significant at p=0.05); and the last group all remaining lakes, i.e. Charzykowskie, Jeziorak and Rajgrodzkie, Biskupińskie, Drwęckie and Białe, Gopło, Roś, and Wigry. It was, however, noted that in many cases analysed periods of alternating increase and decrease in water level were to be observed. The causes of such fluctuations were complex, but inter alia reflected droughts of several years’ duration, periods featuring higher-than-average precipitation, and local conditions. In general, water-level fluctuations in lakes result from natural and anthropogenic factors determining the hydrological conditions in catchments. And in the context of the lakes considered here, the courses of water-level fluctuations were mostly a reflection of local, rather than wider climatic conditions – a fact i.a. illustrated by the lack of cohesive regional designations. The situation is different from that of, for example, the thermal or ice regimes of Polish lakes, in relation to which observed similarities in properties are seen to be determined mainly by climatic factors. Information of this kind may be of key importance to the (quantitative and qualitative) management of water resources in the context of the climate change being observed currently. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/125082/PDF/WA51_157124_r2020-t92-nr1_Przeg-Geogr-Choinski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd GeograficznyPrzegląd Geograficzny T. 92 z. 1 (2020) PY - 2020 IS - 1 EP - 54 KW - lakes KW - water-level KW - tendencies KW - anthropopression KW - Poland A1 - Choiński, Adam. Autor A1 - Jańczak, Jerzy. Autor A1 - Ptak, Mariusz. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 92 CY - Warszawa SP - 41 T1 - Wahania poziomów wody jezior w Polsce w latach 1956–2015 = Water-level fluctuations in Polish lakes in the 1956–2015 period UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/125082 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of the paper is to present findings from the research on accessibility of information resources of rural communes in the Łódzkie Province. The studies were conducted in the first half of 2015. Two categories of information resources were considered: 1) connected with operational documents on financial policy of communes, and 2) related to strategic documents on municipal spatial policy. Empirical data was collected by implementing modified Website Attribute Evaluation System (WAES) method, originally used to analyse accessibility and transparency of websites. In this manner the accessibility and transparency of information resources of investigated communes were characterised. Moreover, methods of statistical analysis were employed, thus illustrating. the accuracy of providing information resources for the public by investigated rural communes. As the result of the research, the authors confirmed the hypothesis that dissemination of information resources is positively influenced by the requirement to ensure transparency of municipal projects co-financed by the European Union. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64588/PDF/WA51_83988_r2017-t47_SOW-Feltynowski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 47 PY - 2017 EP - 54 KW - information resources KW - public information KW - financial policy KW - spatial policy KW - rural commune A1 - Feltynowski, Marcin A1 - Napierała, Tomasz PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 47 CY - Warszawa SP - 39 T1 - Zasoby informacyjne gmin wiejskich województwa łódzkiego dotyczące polityki przestrzennej i finansowej = Information resources of rural communes in the Łódzkie Province on spatial and financial policies UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64588 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The pattern of timberline distribution on mountain ranges world-wide is related to global factors. The basic factor is temperature and the amount of radiation, which falls with increasing distance from the equator. Additionally, this basic relationship is overlaid by the specific features of the type of climate on the massif (degree of continentality or oceanity) and the mass-elevation effect. In the Carpathians, the mass elevation effectseems to have bigger impact on the location of timberline (R2 = 0.71, p = 0.00) than their latitudinal location (R2 = 0.56, p = 0.00). The timberline altitude changes by 70 m a.s.l. (±20 m) with each degree of latitude. The influenceof the type of the climate is complex and it is not clearly visible due to past and recent human impact. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/54607/PDF/WA51_74673_r2015-t88-no2_G-Polonica-Czajka2.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 88 No. 2 (2015) PY - 2015 IS - 2 EP - 54 KW - timberline KW - global factors KW - latitude influence KW - mass-elevation effect KW - Carpathians A1 - Czajka, Barbara A1 - Łajczak, Adam A1 - Kaczka, Ryszard J. PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 88 CY - Warszawa SP - 35 T1 - Geographical characteristics of the timberline in the Carpathians UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/54607 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kowalski, Mariusz PB - Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania PAN N1 - Scales differ N1 - Pages: [45]-54 : diagrams, maps, color ; 31 x 44 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/208637/PDF/WA51_242239_PANB5061-r2018_Wybory-parlamentarne-1991.pdf M3 - Image M3 - Text CY - Warszawa PY - 2018 EP - 54 KW - parliamentary election KW - electoral geography KW - political geography KW - maps KW - Poland T1 - Wybory parlamentarne 1991 SP - 45 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/208637 ER -