TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Planning the public space as part of the “village renewal” should be based on rural identity and its traditions, but on the other hand also on contemporary design trends. “Village renewal” is a joint action of local authorities, experts and – above all – inhabitants, aimed at improving the quality of life, aesthetics of the surrounding area, protecting and shaping the landscape, and implementing social initiatives. In the region of Warmia and Masuria, the Marshal Office plays a special role in accomplishing the “renewal” tasks. Regional authorities coordinate the renewal program and undertake numerous social and cultural initiatives, organize trainings, conferences and thematic workshops. The paper briefly presents the role of the “Village Renewal Program” in the context of planning the public space. Main assumptions for creating such space based on social participation and expert assistance were also determined. The author presented examples of projects in selected villages of the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodship, including these from the “Active Village of Warmia, Masuria and Powiśle” program. The paper highlighted positive results of these activities, but has also referred to existing problems. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/119990/PDF/WA51_139911_r2019-t54_SOW-Jaszczak.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 54 PY - 2019 EP - 111 KW - public space KW - village renewal KW - green areas KW - aestheticization of villages KW - Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodship A1 - Jaszczak, Agnieszka. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 54 CY - Warszawa SP - 101 T1 - Planowanie przestrzeni publicznej na wsi w województwie warmińsko-mazurskim = Planning public space in the rural areas of the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodship UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/119990 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The subject matter being discussed in the article pertains to the idea of social farming. According to the European Economic and Social Committee, social farming is an innovative approach combining two concepts: multifunctional agriculture and social services and/or health care at the local level. Social farming provides an opportunity to improve the well-being of individuals and collective integration of people at risk of social exclusion. It creates new employment opportunities and diversification of income sources for inhabitants of rural areas. The idea of social farming has been developing for many years in countries of Western Europe, while in Poland it is still at an initial phase. The article presents objectives of social farming, implemented social services, categories of beneficiaries and forms of their support. The paper also presents case studies from selected European countries. Further part of the article is devoted to legal aspects of establishing and functioning welfare farms in Poland. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/119988/PDF/WA51_139894_r2019-t54_SOW-Subocz.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 54 PY - 2019 EP - 79 KW - social farming KW - rural areas KW - social services KW - welfare farms A1 - Subocz, Elżbieta. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 54 CY - Warszawa SP - 69 T1 - Rolnictwo społeczne jako nowa funkcja obszarów wiejskich z perspektywy europejskiej i polskiej = Social farming as a new function of rural areas from the Europeanand Polish perspective UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/119988 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - For some time, a number of changes – caused by both internal and external factors – have been observed in rural areas. These mostly lead to modifying existing functions of the village. A typical model of agricultural village is becoming less common. Livelihood is more often provided by non-agricultural activities. These generate new jobs, integrate residents, interfere with the surrounding, and in many cases completely change the image of the village and the way it is being perceived. Villages are becoming active, innova tive and creative. Ideas concern both economic as well as social activities and contribute to the rapid development of tourist and recreational values of the region. One of the new functions of the village, which in the recent years has become more popular is establishing thematic villages. A well-conceived leitmotif can bring benefits to both residents who find new jobs and additional source of income for themselves, as well as tourists who now have the opportunity of spending their free time in a more attractive way. It also fosters ecological education of children and youth who may learn about the surrounding nature. Rural space may also benefit, while their conscious residents will cultivate tradition and local culture respecting spatial order. The aim of the research was to examine the role that the new non-agricultural function – thematic village plays in the development of rural areas of the Lower Silesia and their potential contribution in promoting educational tourism in the region. The research method was based on the analysis of source literature and statistical data contained in the registration books, as well as on surveys with rural leaders and analysis of available offers of selected thematic villages. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/119987/PDF/WA51_139893_r2019-t54_SOW-Podolska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 54 PY - 2019 EP - 68 KW - thematic village KW - village with idea KW - non-agricultural economic activity KW - Dolnośląskie voivodship A1 - Podolska, Anna. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 54 CY - Warszawa SP - 53 T1 - Dolnośląskie wsie tematyczne – miejsce edukacji i zabawy = Lower Silesian thematic villages – place of education and entertainment UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/119987 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The study presents results of empirical research of a qualitative nature. The object of analysis is one of the aspects related to the cultural dimension of tourist functions of rural areas in the Opolskie Voivodship. The aim of the study was to establish whether references to the past are incidental or relatively common and to find out which elements of historical and cultural legacy (material and non-material) are considered in the offers of accommodation for tourists and what sort of message referring to the past they bear. Material for analysis was obtained from Internet portals and websites, local and regional publications (folders, tourist guides) as well as promotional materials supplied by individual entities. The analysis comprised offers of 167 providers of accommodation services (of varied scale), available in 123 villages located in the Opolskie Voivodship. Information given in the offers, concerning past, was ordered by the authors – in relation to the reference point – to the following categories: 1) object, 2) village, 3) region, 4) other. With regard to the first category, two subsets were distinguished: a) object as an architectural structure and b) object as a site of socio-cultural dimension. In the second category, two subsets were differentiated i.e., a) history and former functions of a given village and b) traditions of the rural life. As regards the third category, the following three subsets were distinguished: a) monuments and other elements of the cultural legacy outside given village, b) culinary heritage, c) other elements of the heritage typically referred to as “regional”, “of Opole region”, “Silesian”. Within these types of references (sets and subsets) available offers were analyzed with regard to created images of the past and indicated attractiveness of a tourist’s stay, which results from the historicity of the place in material and non-material dimensions. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/119986/PDF/WA51_139606_r2019-t54_SOW-Drobek.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 54 PY - 2019 EP - 51 KW - accommodation services offer KW - cultural heritage KW - historical and cultural legacy KW - Opole Silesia KW - rural areas A1 - Drobek, Wiesław. Autor A1 - Dawidejt-Drobek, Ewa. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 54 CY - Warszawa SP - 25 T1 - Nowe turystyczne funkcje wsi na Śląsku Opolskim w kontekście pamięci przeszłości = New tourist functions of rural areas in Opole Silesia in the context of memory of the past UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/119986 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Contemporary villages are becoming increasingly differentiated, both in the regional and socio-economic sense. Transformation of these areas is an ongoing process, resulting in changing their functions. Growing diversity of agriculture gives way to increasing multi-functionality of rural areas. Along with the progressive development processes in rural areas, significance of various functions – not yet accentuated – is being revealed and amplified. The study presents functional transformation of rural areas on the example of Pomerania region. These areas have enhanced their socio-economic, environmental, cultural and spatial functions. The aim of this study is to define changes taking place in individual functions of rural areas and their mutual relations. Agriculture and forestry play an important role in rural areas, acting as a basis for natural resource management and development of the rural landscape. The article illustrates classifications of village and agriculture functions based on various criteria. Significant role of emerging new functions in the villages of the studied area, often innovative and prospective, influencing further development of Pomeranian rural areas was emphasized. Fundamental condition for the development of the researched villages is to increase their diversity, in particular by enriching the socio-economic functions. Rural areas are currently facing numerous challenges and the driving force for their development lies within activity of their residents. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/119985/PDF/WA51_139466_r2019-t54_SOW-Czapiewska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 54 PY - 2019 EP - 24 KW - functions of villages KW - rural areas KW - multifunctionality KW - innovation KW - Pomerania region A1 - Czapiewska, Gabriela. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 54 CY - Warszawa SP - 7 T1 - Perspektywy rozwoju innowacyjnych funkcji pomorskich wsi = Perspectives for the development of innovative functions of Pomeranian villages UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/119985 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/119984/PDF/WA51_139457_r2019-t54_SOW-Wprowadzenie.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich J2 - Rural Studies PY - 2019 EP - 5 KW - Polityka rolna -- Polska -- 1990- -- czasopisma [KABA] KW - Wsie -- czasopisma [KABA] KW - Wsie -- Polska -- 1990- -- czasopisma [KABA] A1 - Czapiewska, Gabriela. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 54 CY - Warszawa SP - 5 T1 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 54, Wprowadzenie UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/119984 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - In recent years there has been a significant increase in the average number of vehicles per capita, contributing to a rising number of communication conflicts. The solution to such problems in small rural and urban-rural communes would the introduction of alternative transport, which is relatively cheaper and simpler to implement compared to the modernization of road infrastructure. The article examines whether the introduction of a communal bicycle system in Kórnik would avoid some of the transport conflicts and facilitate mobility within the commune. One of the research objectives was an attempt to model the 4th generation of municipal bicycle zones employing the GIS tools for the Kórnik territorial unit. Based on a survey conducted directly on a group of 125 people in May 2018, it was noticed that developing this type of tourist offer would be attractive to residents as providing an alternative form of locomotion to public transport. It was proposed to introduce a bicycle network based on a system of 4th generation without base stations, involving GPS locators and a mobile application. The article also presents the financial aspect- at what costs are residents prepared to make use of this type of solution, attractive not only for tourists, but also as an alternative to intra-municipal bus communication. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/135357/PDF/WA51_169780_r2019-t55_SOW-Iwinski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 55 J2 - Rural Studies PY - 2019 EP - 94 KW - bike sharing KW - Kórnik commune KW - survey KW - GIS modelling KW - public transport A1 - Iwiński, Mateusz. Autor A1 - Zydroń, Adam. Autor A1 - Antkowiak, Magdalena. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 55 CY - Warszawa SP - 83 T1 - Wprowadzenie roweru publicznego jako element rozwoju transportu w gminie Kórnik = Introduction of bike-sharing as part of transport development in the commune of Kórnik UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/135357 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The new economic reality after the political transformation of the 1990s introduced decisive changes to the commercial space of rural areas. Private stores have been established, significantly expanding their extent of sales and service over time. Currently, the process of commercial marketing has been intensifying in the rural areas in Poland, being evidenced by a large-scale expansion of retail chain stores. These facilities (run by both Polish and foreign capital) introduce new commercial quality that affects spatial, functional and social changes in rural areas.The purpose of this article is to identify the process of commercial marketing in rural areas of the Łódzkie Voivodship and to demonstrate how it affects the behavior of consumers. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/135356/PDF/WA51_169765_r2019-t55_SOW-Gosik.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 55 PY - 2019 EP - 81 KW - commercial marketing KW - rural areas KW - consumer behaviour KW - Łódzkie voivodship A1 - Gosik, Blanka. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 55 CY - Warszawa SP - 69 T1 - Marketyzacja handlowa na obszarach wiejskich województwa łódzkiego = Commercial marketing in rural areas of the Łódzkie Voivodship UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/135356 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The main purpose of the paper is to identify and evaluate the phenomenon of suburbanization in terms of sustainable spatial development of selected rural communes within the Białystok Functional Urban Area. Depending on data availability, analysis covers the years 2004‒2016. Particular attention was drawn on the impact of this process on establishing spatial order. By employing 8 indicators, suburbanization rate was calculated for all rural communes comprising the Białystok Functional Urban Area. Further analyzes were carried out for two communes, i.e. Juchnowiec Kościelny and Dobrzyniewo Duże, characterized by the highest intensity of the suburbanization process. Detailed analyses have indicated that both communes do not fully use the tools for shaping the spatial order and sustainable development. This is confirmed by a very low planning coverage (approximately 8% in Juchnowiec Kościelny and less than 2% in Dobrzyniewo Duże), as well as a large number of administrative decisions issued. Moreover, high values of population absorptive capacity prove that in the process of planning spatial development, reasonable demographic conditions were not taken into consideration in examined communes. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/135355/PDF/WA51_169761_r2019-t55_SOW-Mrozik.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 55 PY - 2019 EP - 68 KW - suburbanization KW - sustainable development KW - population absortive capacity KW - Białystok Functional Urban Area A1 - Mrozik, Karol. Autor A1 - Waszczuk, Magdalena. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 55 CY - Warszawa SP - 53 T1 - Przestrzenne aspekty suburbanizacji w wybranych gminach wiejskich Białostockiego Obszaru Funkcjonalnego = Spatial aspects of suburbanization in selected rural communes of the Białystok Functional Urban Area UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/135355 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Declining importance of agriculture has been accompanied by development of non-agricultural activities in rural areas. Concurrently, there has been an increasing interest in the issues of transforming functional and spatial structure of the village. Functions of rural settlement units are primarily identified based upon analysis of changing tendencies concerning employment structure, land use and infrastructure accessibility. Significant changes have also occurred in the landscape and perception of post-agricultural space. The rural area begins to resemble a city (hub), also in terms of social and living conditions. There is a rise in the standard of living (positive effect) and a widespread of urban style of being (a negative effect). These processes are particularly intense in the villages of the suburban area, as they are being absorbed into the spatial and functional structures of the city. The aim of the research is to determine the functional and spatial differences and similarities among settlement units of the Poznań agglomeration based on the analysis of planning documents as well as spatial and cartographic data. Old villages were selected for the research – currently, self-government housing estates in Poznań (auxiliary units) and villages that are adjacent to the city border. Contemporary changes in the functions of settlement units have been identified in a diverse range and extent. However, in general spatial changes exhibit numerous similarities. The most important spatial decisions affecting the functional and spatial structure of settlement units are undertaken at the commune level. It is however necessary to coordinate these activities also at a higher level and at various scales of planning. In particular, there is a need for a an integrated approach to the management of spatial and landscape resources within strongly connected areas such as urban agglomerations. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/135353/PDF/WA51_169720_r2019-t55_SOW-Szczepanska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 55 PY - 2019 EP - 40 KW - urbanization KW - suburbanization KW - multifunctionality KW - spatial planning KW - functional structure KW - Poznań agglomeration A1 - Szczepańska, Magdalena. Autor A1 - Wilkaniec, Agnieszka. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 55 CY - Warszawa SP - 27 T1 - Funkcje jednostek osadniczych aglomeracji poznańskiej a polityka przestrzenna = Functions of settlement units of the Poznań agglomeration in light of spatial policy UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/135353 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The paper presents results of the research concerning formal representations of the rural in Poland. K. Halfacree’s (2006) research model of rural space was applied. Theoretical framework of the study also comprises debate on defining the rural under post-structuralism and some considerations of rural renewal. The research employed content analysis of rural renewal programmes in Poland. The outcomes were interpreted and discussed in relation to a broader process of socio-economic and cultural transformation and the notion of change in the rural space. It was explained how the formal representation of the rural is created in the rural renewal programmes. The formal representation of the rural in rural renewal programmes does not vary in regional terms, often being chaotic and incoherent. The rural is perceived through rural community and rural space separately, and as a broader concept opposite to the urban. Representation refers to, first and foremost, rural identity. However, it does not specify what defines such identity. It merely reproduces certain tags and slogans about the rural, and thus it is based on the rural myth. It also dissociates itself from agriculture as an economic function, but not as a culture-forming one. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/135352/PDF/WA51_169719_r2019-t55_SOW-Wolski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 55 PY - 2019 EP - 25 KW - agricultural policy KW - rural KW - rurality KW - rural renewal KW - rural renwal programmes KW - formal represetation of rural KW - discourse A1 - Wolski, Oskar. Autor PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 55 CY - Warszawa SP - 7 T1 - Jaka jest reprezentacja formalna wsi w Polsce? Studium wojewódzkich programów odnowy wsi = What is the formal representation of the rural in Poland? The case of rural renewal programmes UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/135352 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Public libraries in Poland are diversified. Some are repositories of knowledge allowing for in-depth study with vast and continually updated resources. The average citizen is served by a large network of libraries supported by local governments. Their basic task is to supply 'books to read' and to conduct educational-cultural activity. The aim of this study was to determine the significance of functions that libraries perform in the rural environment of Poland. The assessment was made on the basis of an analysis of the Central Statistical Office (GUS) data and reports derived from the Libraries Development Programme. This programme has been implemented in Poland since 2009 by the Foundation for the Development of Information Society and the Polish-American Liberty Foundation, which is a partner of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in a venture helping Polish public libraries with access to computers, the Internet and training courses. It was assumed that libraries serving rural population were those located in villages and towns of up to 20 thous. inhabitants. In Poland the accessibility of libraries as measured by the population number per library continues to decline, both in towns and rural areas. In 2002 this index amounted to 2,118, opposed to 2,555 in 2013. Two factors are responsible: a drop in the number of libraries and a slight increase in the population living in rural areas. There is no doubt that preserving a network of libraries in rural areas in Poland is necessary. Local governments are not generous patrons of libraries; on the contrary, they often liquidate them to reduce the costs of commune operation. Rural libraries prefer the educational function, thus replacing the school education system, but this takes place at the cost of their cultural functions. The model of the rural library as a centre of all kinds of information where one can learn practically everything – favoured in the western states – is still far from popular in Poland. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58071/PDF/WA51_78059_r2015-t40_SOW-Kolodziejczak.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 139 KW - libraries KW - functions of libraries KW - Libraries Development Programme KW - rural areas KW - Poland A1 - Kołodziejczak, Anna PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 129 T1 - Znaczenie funkcji bibliotek w środowisku wiejskim w Polsce = Significance of libraries' functions in rural environment of Poland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58071 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The openness of rural areas in Poland to sport, observed in the second half of the last century, constituted a derivative of the dynamic transformation process in rural culture. The appearance of the new socio-cultural phenomena of mainly urban provenance, which came alongside the physical culture in rural communities, significantly affected and changed the lifestyle of rural population. Nowadays, when sport is deeply rooted in rural areas, similar phenomena may be observed. A good example is the expansion of the ‘football culture' which takes place due to extensive presence of sport clubs, most of which promote football in rural areas. The article serves as an explication of the footbalisation phenomena in rural areas in Poland in geographical categories and attempts to go beyond predominant sociological perspective regarding that matter. The aim of this article is to point out the relations between the spatial organization related to sport event and fans' activity. The authors, taking into account the spatial aspect as inherent in football competition, make an attempt to analyze the location and the function of football pitches and stadiums in local systems using the concept of place's function in morphological, spatial, economic and social perspective. By the application of an interdisciplinary approach the course of further research on this matter has been identified and justified. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58070/PDF/WA51_78058_r2015-t40_SOW-Burdyka.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 128 KW - sports facillities KW - function of place KW - supporting KW - countries KW - sport KW - football KW - local community A1 - Burdyka, Konrad A1 - Burdyka, Krzysztof PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 115 T1 - Futbolizacja obszarów wiejskich w Polsce – perspektywa badań geograficznych = Footbalisation of rural areas in Poland. The perspective of geographical research UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58070 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Projects promoting transformation of education in rural areas, ranging from pre-school through the implementation of programs in schools, support new and adequate skills of teaching staff as well as investments in educational infrastructure are possible due to European Funds. Thanks to the activity of the commune and/or local leaders in rural areas it is possible to obtain EU funds to implement comprehensive measures to support existing educational institutions and establish new ones, retrofitting teaching base, including development of sports infrastructure, change in qualifications of teaching staff as well as investments in education infrastructure. The article presents an analysis of activities carried out using EU funds in three selected communes in the Łódzkie Voivodship, in the selected three rural communes: Drużbice, Grabów and Kowiesy, in the period 2006–2013 with respect to statistics on different implemented projects for the corresponding period and selected areas of education inequality. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58069/PDF/WA51_78056_r2015-t40_SOW-Gabryelak.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 113 KW - education inequality KW - EU funds KW - rural areas KW - educational opportunities A1 - Gabryelak, Ewa A1 - Psyk-Piotrowska, Elzbieta PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 95 T1 - Wykorzystanie środków unijnych w obszarach nierówności w edukacji. Na przykładzie działań wybranych trzech gmin wiejskich województwa łódzkiego w latach 2006–2013 = Use of UE funds in areas of education inequality. Examples of measures in selected three rural communes of the Łódzkie Voivodship in 2006-2013 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58069 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Due to the fact that Poland accessed European Union in 2004 its rural areas have been supported by a broad stream of structural funds. These, through various programmes and different financial mechanisms, have gradually contributed to the modernization of rural areas. One of the most effective means of this support was LEADER, whose recognition in Poland is the largest among all EU member states. This tool, which involves activation of local communities, has proved to be an effective response to the real needs of specific people – educational needs were considered especially important. The article analysed how and to what extent LEADER mechanism supports educational processes in rural areas. All 27.5 thousand LEADER projects implemented in 2007–2013 financial perspective in Poland were analysed. Both local development strategies and cooperation projects were taken into account. In the case of the latter, the educational component, however, proved to be of marginal importance. In the framework of the implementation of local development strategies educational initiatives accounted for a quarter of all projects. They included a variety of forms, however two main groups of activities were distinguished: direct and indirect support of education. Indirect support initiatives were in majority on a country scale as well as in individual LGDs (Local Action Groups) – both in terms of number and expense. Most of them involved constructing dayrooms in the villages. Countrywide projects directly supporting education were of a relatively minor importance. Analyses of the number and value of educational projects did not show significant spatial relationships. The universality of „hard” investments, especially rural dayrooms, which involve a large amount of funds unifies spatial structure image of the projects. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58068/PDF/WA51_78055_r2015-t40_SOW-Sykala.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 94 KW - LEADER mechanism KW - Local Action Group KW - education KW - rural areas A1 - Sykała, Łukasz A1 - Dej, Magdalena A1 - Wolski, Oskar PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 81 T1 - Wsparcie edukacji na obszarach wiejskich z wykorzystaniem programu LEADER = Educaation support on rural areas by means of the LEADER Programme UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58068 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The subject of this work concerns primary education in rural areas of the Małopolskie Voivodship. The research is particularly focused upon Miechów district, which is located in the south-western part of the Małopolskie Voivodship. The authors strived to present the impact of demographic conditions upon the network of schools in this strongly depopulating region and identify to what extend trends among population limit the accessibility to after-school activities for children and adolescents. The aim of this paper is to present the location and accessibility of primary education institutions in Miechów district and also to assessthe organization of after-school activities which is a major factor in ensuring equal opportunities of education among children and adolescents. As a result of unfavorable demographic tendencies, schools are being closed down. In the Małopolskie Voivodship 143 (12.3%) primary schools were liquidated over the years 2000–2012 and these include mainly small,ruralschoolsin agricultural areas. The number of pupils attending primary schools decreased even more. Between the years 2000–2012 the number fell by over 80 thousand (from 280 thousand to just under 200  thousand which constitutes 30%). The authors attempted to  determine essential information about children's travel to schools such as: residence place of children that are brought to particular schools, the average time of reaching school from where they live and the means of transport that a child chooses to reach the school. In 2008 the location of primary schools in the area of Miechów district allowed for relatively good accessibility within its borders. However, during the years 2008–2014 the spatial accessibility greatly decreased as a result of many institutions being closed down. The average time a child needs to reach school extended by 20% in the whole discussed area. The highest increase was observed in Kozłów commune, in which the time extended by 46% (to 3,4 minutes) and where 5 primary schools were liquidated. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58067/PDF/WA51_78053_r2015-t40_SOW-Gil.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 80 KW - accessibility to education KW - rural areas KW - Małopolska KW - primary schools KW - education A1 - Gil, Agnieszka A1 - Semczuk, Marcin PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 65 T1 - Dostępność edukacji podstawowej na obszarach wiejskich województwa małopolskiego– studium przypadku powiatu miechowskiego = Accessibility to primary education in rural areas of the małopolskie voivodship – case study of Miechów district UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58067 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Education level of farm managers is an important factor in agricultural development. A multi-functional development of rural areas and implementation of knowledge-based economy contribute to the increase of education level among rural inhabitants. This paper is an attempt of a quantitative presentation of agriculture-related education among farm managers in Poland and identification of trends observed in this matter between 2002 and 2010, with a particular emphasis on the Kujawsko-pomorskie Voivodship. The analysis accounts for the number of farmers in five categories of education level, i.e.: (1) no agriculture-related education; (2) agriculture-related training course; (3) vocational education in agriculture; (4) vocational education in agriculture and post-agricultural education; (5) higher education in agriculture (university/technical university, etc.). With reference to the duration of agriculture-related education, conversion rates were used for the purposes of the analysis, which enabled construction of bonitation index concerning farm managers. The study of spatial differentiation of the observed patterns involved natural, urban and historical determinants. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58066/PDF/WA51_78052_r2015-t40_SOW-Gwiazdzinska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 63 KW - agricultural education KW - Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodship A1 - Gwiaździńska-Goraj, Marta A1 - Rudnicki, Roman PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 51 T1 - Stan i zmiany wykształcenia rolniczego kierowników gospodarstw rolnych w latach 2002–2010 w województwie kujawsko-pomorskim = Status and changes in agricultural education of farm managers in year 2002-2010 in the Kujawso-pomorskie Voivodship UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58066 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The article presents linguistic image of a villager in the contemporary Polish language. The study was conducted basing on definitions in general and specialized dictionaries of the Polish language as well as questionnaires. The analysis allowed to describe the stereotype of a villager in the consciousness of Poles, which is based upon a combination of grammatical and metaphorical meanings. Even in lexicographical studies there was a disturbing lack of separation of the colloquial understanding of the term – wieśniak (a villager, a peasant) – an ill-mannered, badly behaved man. In most lexicographical studies the grammatical component "man from the village" was built in the definitions and metaphorical understanding of the lexeme. The questionnaires conducted confirm this thesis. For respondents a villager is a resident of the village, characterized by: a lack of sophistication, cultural ignorance, use of dialect, vulgarity, lack of intelligence. The results are surprising, considering that half of the respondents live in the countryside and 99% have at least weekly contact with someone living in rural areas. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58065/PDF/WA51_78069_r2015-t40_SOW-Gaze.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 187 KW - linguistic image of the world KW - villager KW - cultural linguistic KW - stereotypifization KW - countries A1 - Gaze, Mateusz PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 181 T1 - Językowy obraz wieśniaka we współczesnej polszczyźnie = Linguistic image of a villager in the contemporary Polish language UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58065 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The article is a result of a study on needs and plans concerning youth of the Mazowieckie Voivodship, with a particular emphasis on rural residents. The survey was attended by secondary school students across the examined region. Questions asked in the survey focused on young people's perception of their place of residence, their anticipation for further education, career, and chances on the labor market. The study also allowed to examine factors that affect decisions of young people on their future in terms of family and professional life, as well as future place of residence. Research findings allowed to observe processes referring to theoretical concepts, such as the central place theory of Walter Christaller and growth poles theory of Francois Perroux. In the Mazowieckie Voivodship, Warsaw is the strongest growth pole that attracts young people in terms of career and place of residence. The most important factors determining young people’s decisions on their career path and place of residence are the possibilities of further education and feelings in terms to their labor market opportunities. The study results showed that students consider higher education as providing most advantage on the labor market. However, nowadays acquiring higher education does not ensure employment as much as several years before. Statistics of unemployment in Poland show that the growth in the number of unemployed is the greatest among people with higher education. Expansion of education opportunities and its accessibility have contributed to the increase in education level of rural population. The same circumstances resulted in the enhancement of their aspirations and expectations concerning employment. This is also the reason for the increasing scale of migrations, especially among young women. The reasons for migration of youth to regional growth poles, mostly to Warsaw and its metropolitan area, are: low attractiveness of rural and peripheral areas reflecting in limited opportunities for personal growth, low availability of various services and low transport accessibility. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58064/PDF/WA51_78049_r2015-t40_SOW-Strzelecki.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 49 KW - rural youth KW - Mazowieckie voivodeship KW - educational plans KW - professional aspirations KW - migration A1 - Strzelecki, Zbigniew A1 - Wysocka, Malwina PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 35 T1 - Rola czynników rozwoju regionalnego w kształtowaniu planów edukacyjnych i migracyjnych młodzieży wiejskiej województwa mazowieckiego = Impact of regional development factors on educational and migration plans of rural youth in the Mazowieckie Voivodship UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58064 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of this article is to present the significance of higher education for changes in the Polish countryside. These transformation are – directly or indirectly – related to changes assigned to the value of education, as well as to structural changes in the entire system of higher education in Poland. Popularization and greater accessibility to higher education has undoubtedly affected rural youth and rural areas themselves. As a consequence, the areas that until recently had been marginalised were given an opportunity to 'catch up' in terms of educational and civilization progress. It was all possible certainly not only due to institutional changes in education system but also as a result of changes in the mentality of rural inhabitants, opening to new cultural trends and values – and last but not least – substantial aid from the European Union targeted at rural areas. The countryside has undoubtedly used this opportunity. Owing to a student-oriented broad opening of higher education institutions, youth has been given a chance to acquire their dream qualifications and higher education. The risk of unemployment has also been minimised. It is the young people of rural areas that became the most important beneficiaries as they were given an opportunity to develop, fulfil their ambitions and improve their qualifications. Although young people of rural areas still regard education as a means of social advancement, such dissemination brought them education in an unprecedented scale, while rural areas were given an opportunity to rebuild their elites. Among the negative consequences of these processes are more intense bonds with the town (through employment or residence), which are replacing the existing bonds with the countryside. The situation described may in fact be of dysfunctional nature for rural areas. It is true that an increasing number of people with higher education can be found in rural areas, yet most of them have a limited contact with rurality. Another negative function of higher education is that it shapes life and professional aspirations outside agriculture and encourages young people to leave rural areas. Higher education contributes indirectly to the unwillingness of rural youth to return to the countryside. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58063/PDF/WA51_78039_r2015-t40_SOW-Wasielewski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 33 KW - functions of universities KW - higher education KW - popularization of education KW - rural areas KW - value of education A1 - Wasielewski, Krzysztof PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 21 T1 - Funkcje szkolnictwa wyższego dla obszarów wiejskich – wybrane zagadnieniaz perspektywy socjologa = Functions of higher education for rural areas - selected issues from a sociological point of view UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58063 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The article discusses the issue of presentation concerning rural areas and agriculture in geography textbooks in two countries – Poland and England, which differ in both main assumptions of the geographical education, as well as works devoted to the problem of rural areas on scientific grounds. What is shared by the two countries is the fact that both in Poland and England, geography as a school subject is compulsory only for four years at the 3rd level of education. Only during this short period students learn about the nature of the discipline and the subject of its research. Textbooks analyzed in the article were regarded as areas of presentation of the geographical environment, which – in accordance to the concept of H. Lefebvre (1974, 1991) – like other media indirectly shape certain presentation of space. Comparison of textbooks' content related to agriculture and rural geography in Poland and England confirmed imperfections of Polish geographical education, which does not fully exploit potential of the discipline. Moreover, applied manners of presentation do not follow achievements of geography at the scientific level. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58062/PDF/WA51_78065_r2015-t40_SOW-Tobiasz-Lis.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 179 KW - image KW - countries KW - agriculture KW - textbooks KW - programme basis A1 - Tobiasz-Lis, Paulina PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 169 T1 - Obraz wsi i rolnictwa w polskich i angielskich podręcznikach do geografii = Image of countryside and agriculture in Polish and English geography textbooks UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58062 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - In previous studies on the development of human geography, the most commonly accepted historical model is a chronological description of the issues discussed, accompanied by characteristics of the most notable scientific works. A similar situation may be applied to the summaries of achievements in geography of agriculture. An attempt of subjective reconstruction concerning theoretical and methodological foundations is a much less frequently implemented model for assessing the achievements and character of the discipline. The development of agricultural geography research program in Poland can be seen as a set of successive sub-programs, whose history of introduction can be interpreted as a repeated procedure of reforming the hard core and creating a protective belt around it. The genesis and maintenance of the explanatory power of the research program by gradual expansion of the subject matter, while retaining the methodological discipline is an interesting case in the evolution of a scientific movement, its growth, blooming and decline. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58061/PDF/WA51_78032_r2015-t40_SOW-Wojcik.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 20 KW - geography of agriculture KW - methodology of geography KW - scientific research programme A1 - Wójcik, Marcin PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 7 T1 - Naukowy program badawczy. Studium przypadku geografii rolnictwa w Polsce = Scientific research program. Case study of the Polish geography of agriculture UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58061 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of this article is to present the role played by the society in the decision-making process concerning development of rural areas carried out by local governments. Applying the knowledge on inhabited environment resulting from the experience of the participants in a given area, local authorities can shape the area more responsibly and accurately. The article indentified fundaments of this knowledge and its forms of transfer. It has been emphasised that knowledge can also become a basis for cooperation between public and private sectors. The value of rural inhabitants' active participation in the rural revival and the necessity of including this social group in the process of decision-making have been considered as well. Moreover, the article discusses forms of communication between inhabitants and local government due to the fact that the discussing skill is always an additional value in the context of implementing the process of rural revival. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58060/PDF/WA51_78061_r2015-t40_SOW-Staszewska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 167 KW - environmental knowledge KW - society at planning and management processes KW - rural revival A1 - Staszewska, Sylwia PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 159 T1 - Rola wiedzy środowiskowej mieszkańców w procesie odnowy wsi = The role of inhabitants' environmental knowledge in the process of rural revival UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58060 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Landscape-oriented education taking into consideration regional assets and cultural determinants plays a specialrole in the formation ofrural areas. A survey research conducted among students of Spatial Management, Landscape Architecture as well as Tourism and Recreation revealed differences in their perception of rural cultural landscape depending on the field of study. Students demonstrated gaps in their knowledge of cultural landscape, which could have a detrimental effect on their interpretation and formation of rural space in the future. A comparative analysis of "ideal countryside" essays and credit papers concerning conceptions of land development showed that it was necessary to exchange knowledge and experiences of students representing various fields (e.g. via inter-school workshops, common practices/field classes, project exhibitions). The research conducted and analysis of the syllabuses concerning the three selected fields have proven that landscape formation, especially in rural areas, should be taught as a separate field of study because the relevant knowledge imparted in the present form may become vague. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58059/PDF/WA51_78060_r2015-t40_SOW-Szczepanska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 40 PY - 2015 EP - 157 KW - rural areas KW - landscape and cultural heritage KW - syllabus KW - landscape-oriented education KW - regional and art education A1 - Szczepańska, Magdalena A1 - Szczepańska, Magdalena PB - PAN IGiPZ PB - PTG VL - 40 CY - Warszawa SP - 141 T1 - Stan wiedzy prokrajobrazowej studentów na tle treści kształcenia = Students' landscape-oriented knowledge in comparison to educational program UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58059 ER - TY - GEN N1 - Bibliogr. N1 - Summ. eng. N1 - 244 p. : il. (color.) ; 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/58014/PDF/WA51_78261_r2014-t38_PEK-Regulska2.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Problemy Ekologii Krajobrazu = The Problems of Landscape Ecology, t. 38 PY - 2014 EP - 225 KW - landscape KW - conferences A1 - Regulska, Edyta A1 - Kowalska, Anna A1 - Kruczkowska, Bogusława PB - Polska Asocjacja Ekologii Krajobrazu PB - Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania im. Stanisława Leszczyckiego. VL - 38 CY - Warszawa T1 - Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa Krajobraz z komputera. Modelowanie krajobrazu - nowe narzędzia, metody, typologie = National Scientific Conference Landscape from computer. Landscape modelling – new tools, methods and typologies T1 - Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa Krajobraz z komputera. Modelowanie krajobrazu - nowe narzędzia, metody, typologie = National Scientific Conference Landscape from computer. Landscape modelling – new tools, methods and typologies SP - 217 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/58014 ER -