TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The Polish-Russian border is unique, and for many reasons. One of these relates to the role of Kaliningrad Oblast vis-à-vis Russia on the one hand, and the EU and NATO on the other, making it clear how strategically important the District is from the geopolitical point of view. A second wider issue of course concerns Russia’s position on the international stage. Unsurprisingly, the Polish-Russian border has been characterised by a significant dynamic where changes of function and permeability are concerned. Given that the border plays a role even at global level, transformations that have occurred relate to changes in EU/Poland-Russian relations, even if such top-down considerations neglect a further significance from the point of view of border residents who must struggle with issues of lack of access to a stable border. The aim of the work detailed in this paper was thus to identify the functions played by the Polish-Russian border across the whole 1990–2018 period, as well as the associated degree of permeability. And despite a relatively rich literature devoted to the border in question, it is possible to note relative neglect of the matter of how that border was created and shaped, as well as a real lack of analyses when it comes to variability in status post-2012. This gap in the Polish literature, in particular, is bridged in the present paper, whose author sought the answers to three key research questions. These related to whether, and to what extent, the Polish-Russian border actually represented a barrier; to the factors determining variability of function and permeability; and to the impact of any instability of functioning on the everyday lives of inhabitants in the Poland-Kaliningrad border region. Analysis of the material compiled makes it clear that the greatest impact on the role of the border in question is that exerted by individual decisions of central governments and the European Parliament. For the years 1990–2018 saw the border’s status change under the influence of, for example: the introduction of visa-free travel (1990–1997), the Act on Foreigners (1998–2003), Poland’s accession to the EU (2004–2007), Poland’s accession to the Schengen Area (2008–2011), the introduction of local border traffic (2012–2016), the Crimean crisis (from 2014) and suspension of local border traffic (from 2016). Additionally, the role of the border has been changed by the state of border infrastructure, procedures, the image of Russia, global trends relating to borders and relations nurtured by ruling political parties. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/111574/PDF/WA51_139209_r2019-t91-z4_Przeg-Geogr-Studzins.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 4 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 4 EP - 571 KW - Polish-Russian border KW - permeability of border KW - function of border A1 - Studzińska, Dominika. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 553 T1 - Wybrane aspekty transformacji funkcji i stopnia przenikalności granicy polsko-rosyjskiej = Selected aspects of the transformation in function, and permeability, of the Polish-Russian border UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/111574 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/977/PDF/Wa51_12271_r2010-t82-z4_Przeglad-Geograficzny-Banski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 82 z. 4 (2010) PY - 2010 IS - 4 EP - 508 KW - borders KW - classification of borders KW - definitions of borders KW - spatial barriers A1 - Bański, Jerzy (1960– ). Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 82 CY - Warszawa SP - 489 T1 - Granica w badaniach geograficznych - definicja i próba klasyfikacji = Border in geographical research studies - definition and an attempts at its classification UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/977 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Komornicki, Tomasz PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 346 pp., [2] k. tabl. : il. ; 24 cm N1 - Summary in English. N1 - Bibliogr. p. 313-325 L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/30320/PDF/WA51_44622_r1999-vol5_Geopolitical-Studies.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warsaw J2 - Geopolitical Studies / Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, vol. 5 J2 - Poland's borders : analysis of permeability (1990-1996) PY - 1999 KW - state borders KW - permeability of borders KW - Poland T1 - Granice Polski : analiza zmian przenikalności w latach 1990-1996 = Poland's borders : analysis of permeability (1990-1996) UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/30320 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The opening of borders in 2012 changed a great deal where Polish-Russian relations are concerned. Before 2012, contacts between the citizens of Poland and inhabitants of Kaliningrad District were limited, with the border separating them being more in the nature of a barrier and line of separation restricting contacts between the neighbouring countries. A border of this kind was obviously a factor contributing to the peripherisation of the Polish-Russian borderland. In the whole of 2009 there were only 1 million crossings of the border in question. However, in the wake of the July 27th 2012 entry into force of the agreement on a visa-free zone and local border traffi c, more and more Russians from the Oblast of Kaliningrad chose to start visiting areas within the zone on the Polish side, as there are attractive from the tourism point of view, as well as offering places to relax and do shopping. In 2013 the number of crossings of the Polish-Russianborder exceeded 6 million.The introduction of visa-free traffi c has thus resulted in massive infl ows into Poland of inhabitants of Kaliningrad, who mostly spend their time in the large shopping centres, supermarkets and grocery shops. However, some Kaliningraders also travel to participate in the largest mass events held in Poland’s Tri-city of Gdańsk, Gdynia and Sopot, and they are becoming more and more visible in the cityspace. There is no doubt that the high level of cross-border shopping activity and travel now has a key role to play in the economic development of the Polish borderland. While Polish citizens do not visit Kaliningrad as often as Russians visit Poland, they do make frequent crossings of the border to purchase Russian petrol, this being a wise decision given the fact that it is only around half as expensive. Overall, the opening of the border has led to a development of cross-border tourism, at the same time helping to improve relations between Poland and Kaliningrad Oblast, in line with a general willingness to learn and discover that is helping to gradually overcome stereotypes functioning within the neighbouring populations.Tourism is now therefore a popular activity for many people, and the development of the attendant infrastructure is proving very important for what are peripheral areas located in the borderland. This is in line with a general tendency for the type and level of openness of borders to exert a major infl uence on the nature and extent of the tourism capable of developing in their vicinity (Timothy, 2000).The main aim of this paper has thus been to present the infl uence of the opening-up of the border on the development of tourism in the Polish-Russian borderland. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/51260/PDF/WA51_70636_r2014-t86-z4_Przeg-Geogr-Studzins.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 86 z. 4 (2014) PY - 2014 IS - 4 EP - 540 KW - border KW - tourism KW - local border traffic KW - Polish-Russian border A1 - Studzińska, Dominika PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 86 CY - Warszawa SP - 525 T1 - Ruch bezwizowy a rozwój turystyki na pograniczu polsko-rosyjskim = The visa-free zone and tourism development in the Polish-Russian borderland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/51260 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Rościszewski, Marcin (1929–2002). Red. A2 - Jakubowski, Maciej. Red. PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 96 pp., [1] k. tabl., maps ; 24 cm N1 - Bibliogr. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/33453/PDF/WA51_44476_r1995-22_Conference-Papers.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa J2 - Conference Papers / Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, 22 PY - 1995 KW - transborder cooperation KW - border regions KW - border areas KW - state borders KW - Eastern Poland T1 - Polish eastern border : past and present problems UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/33453 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Jakubowski, Maciej. Red. PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 160 pp. : il. ; 24 cm N1 - Bibliogr. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/30318/PDF/WA51_44625_r1997-vol3_Geopolitical-Studies.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warsaw J2 - Geopolitical Studies / Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, vol. 3 J2 - Strategic importance of the Polish Eastern border and Polish Eastern borderland PY - 1997 KW - border regions KW - state borders KW - border areas KW - Eastern Poland T1 - Strategiczne znaczenie polskiej granicy wschodniej i polskiego pogranicza wschodniego = Strategic importance of the Polish Eastern border and Polish Eastern borderland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/30318 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Bański, Jerzy (1960– ) PB - PAN. IGiPZ PB - PTG N1 - 165 pp. : il. ; 24 cm N1 - Literature p. 153-158 N1 - Summ. eng. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/646/PDF/Wa51_3553_r2010-t21_SOW.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa J2 - Influence of the national border on directions of socio-economic development in the easten part of the Lublin Province J2 - Studia Obszarów Wiejskich = Rural Studies, t. 21 PY - 2010 KW - border areas KW - state borders KW - Lubelskie voivodship T1 - Wpływ granicy państwowej na kierunki rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego wschodniej części województwa lubelskiego UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/646 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Antarctica is commonly perceived to be a continent, and so must first and foremost have a clearly defined area and borders, if it is to be called a land. The area of each such land is determined by its borders. The question of the border between land and sea has everywhere raised certain doubts, but nowhere are these as severe as in the case of the Antarctic. Being entirely covered with ice creeping down to the ocean, Antarctica has a boundary that takes the form of an ice barrier along 95% of its length, with the ice in question entering the sea to a greater or lesser extent. There is thus no unified position as to where the borders of Antarctica should be taken to lie. Rather three different positions maintain that: 1. the border is the limit of the Antarctic ice sheet bedrock protruding above the water surface – and hence an entity particularly hard to determine given the aforementioned high level of coverage by a continental glacier; 2. the boundary of the Antarctic continent can be defined as a “grounding line”, i.e. a line where the creeping ice sheet as a whole rests on the sea-bed, and is thus in no part supported by water, i.e. floating. 3. the boundary of the continent is a land border together with the ice-barrier of glaciers ending in the sea, in particular ice shelves (the Antarctic continent is also sometimes taken to include so called “fast ice”, i.e. long-term sea ice frozen to the land or ice shelves and thus remaining at a standstill). Depending on criterion for the border that is adopted, Antarctica’s area can be seen to change markedly (in comparison with other continents). The size is usually calculated at between 13.5 and 14x106km2. However, this is not the end of the problems with defining borders and area in the case of Antarctica. As a continent may be deemed a continuous (in Latin continuus) land, hence the name of continent, it forms part of the lithosphere. However, ice joins other forms of water in being classified as part of the hydrosphere, and this precludes it being recognised as a component of the lithosphere. Antarctica is therefore believed commonly to be called a continent in a manner that has no regard to glaciation. In recent years, an image of the Antarctic bedrock called Bedmap 2 has been prepared on the basis of georadar research. This shows that 5.5x106 km2 of Antarctic bedrock, or 44.7% of the entire area, is located below sea level. This means that only about half of the surface of the continent in the traditional sense can actually be recognised as land, or rather an archipelago similar to the one located in the Canadian Arctic. In nevertheless remains common for ice to be treated as a mineral and as rock in geology. On this basis, its return to the lithosphere has long been postulated, while the lack of such a change in reality has tended to cause considerable disruption in science, to the extent that even an unambiguous determination of whether Antarctica is a continent is not permitted. The concept of the ice-lithosphere is not unknown to science, given that it is commonly present on other celestial bodies of the Solar System. There is no requirement that analogies relating to knowledge in the Earth sciences should be one-way only, with the effect that the analogy based on the principle of uniformitarianism can and should be reversed: it is not the Earth, as something exceptional in space, that should be the point of reference in the understanding of the cosmos, but rather the other planets that should serve as such a reference as the Earth is explored. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/59906/PDF/WA51_79786_r2016-t88-z3_Przeg-Geogr-Dobinski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 88 z. 3 (2016) PY - 2016 IS - 3 EP - 351 KW - Antarctica KW - borders KW - ice KW - continent A1 - Dobiński, Wojciech PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 88 CY - Warszawa SP - 339 T1 - Klasyfikacja lodu jako podstawa do określenia granic i powierzchni Antarktydy = Ice classification as a basis for determining the borders and area of Antarctica UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/59906 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The main objective of this article is to offer an answer to the question whether introducing local border traffic (LBT) on the external frontiers of the EU is an effective tool for cross-border integration and development of marginalised border areas. The analysis was carried out in an area of particular strategic importance for the European Community and Russia, which is the Polish-Russian borderland. The study includes the analysis of political discourse supplied with the findings from the original survey revealing mutual perception of Polish and Russian partners. The authors drew special attention to the significance of delimitation of areas included in the visa-free traffic. The success of the four-year period of LBT zone’s functioning on the Polish-Kaliningrad border came as a result of modification of the regulations concerning the scope of the zone and the inclusion of economic regions otherwise heavily affected by the split in the functional dimension. The analysed region had the chance to become a model of national and local policies’ cooperation in border areas. The decision to shut down the LBT has proved yet again that socio-economic initiatives in border regions are deterministically dependent on the decisions of central governments. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64179/PDF/WA51_83591_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Sagan.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 112 KW - local border traffic KW - cross-border integration KW - Polish-Russian border KW - external border of the European Union A1 - Sagan, Iwona. Autor A1 - Kolosov, Vladimir. Autor A1 - Studzińska, Dominika. Autor A1 - Zotova, Maria. Autor A1 - Sebentsov, Alexander. Autor A1 - Nowicka, Klaudia. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 95 T1 - The local border traffic zone experiment as an instrument of cross-border integration: The case of Polish-Russian borderland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Umiastowski, Roman (1893–1982) PB - Księgarnia Geograficzna "Orbis" N1 - 140 pp. ; 16 cm N1 - Bibliogr. p. 137-138 M3 - Text CY - Kraków J2 - Bibljoteczka Geograficzna "Orbis". Serja 1, Geografja Ogólna ; t. 2 PY - 1925 KW - borders KW - political geography T1 - Granice polityczne naturalne i obronne w czasach pokoju i wojny UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/18690 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 95 pp. ; 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/1937/PDF/WA51_14093_r2010-vol83-z2_Geographia-Polonica.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 83 No. 2 (2010) PY - 2010 IS - 2 EP - 81 KW - tourism KW - border aeas KW - Poland A1 - Więckowski, Marek (1971– ) PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 83 CY - Warszawa SP - 67 T1 - Tourism development in the borderlands of Poland UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/1937 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Political boundaries represent a universal phenomenon and key element by which social and economic phenomena existing across space are structured. But both the presence and the nature (role, function, etc.) of borders are seen to vary temporally and spatially, with differentiated attendant consequences for socio-economic development. The present article relates to state borders, which separate certain areas off from others, while at the same time constituting meeting points and points of contact between them. While this would hold true whether we perceive the said borders as lines, areas or zones, the modern-day approach to borders is a multi-dimensional one that treats them as socio-spatial constructs revealing and articulating differentiation that truly exists. It is possible to note two opposing cause-and-effect processes here. On the one hand, there are different divisions and boundaries between many socio-economic and even natural phenomena that sanction the existence and locations of borders; while on the other the very existence of state borders establishes or reinforces the existence of other, new divisions that can be regarded as boundaries (even as they are not now necessarily state borders as such). I trust that this argumentation helps capture the essence of the geography present in considerations of boundaries and borders; as well as its changing but ever-important role, while at the same time generating opportunities for further research, and for the ongoing observation of the diverse processes linking up with the existence of borders. Variability and change of function would seem to offer a key to the understanding of the significances of borders and the influences they exert, as regards the border landscape, neighbourly (international) relations and phenomena of a socio-economic nature. In that light, four functions for borders are in fact proposed here – as barriers, peripheries, lines of differentiation and axes of integration. Each change has knock-on implications for transformations of function in regard to both borders as such and the areas adjacent to them. Thus, by making assumptions as to the fundamental aspects characterising variations in the nature of borders, it has been possible here to come up with proposals regarding the consequences these will bring with them. And even as a process whereby a border opens up is underway and integration is ensuing, it is still possible that change as a whole will falter or even stall, should issues arise locally (e.g. through conflict or other negative events), nationally (e.g. through unilateral or bilateral severing of agreements), or globally (e.g. thanks to external threat, a desire to protect domestic markets or a migration crisis). For these reasons, geopolitical considerations will always reign supreme over other borderland phenomena, determining directions of development and possibilities for borders (and adjacent areas) to function. In that light, this article stresses the still-relevant need for borders, borderlands and relevant ongoing processes to be made subject to theoretical conceptualisation and processing. And this would be true as regards, not only the spatial extent or scope of borderland areas, but also the changing conditioning, consequences and actions. In this, a challenge that continues to be present entails the founding of theoretical concepts for the borderland that draw on selected paradigms and stress the role and importance of border and borderland geography, along with its key subjects of interest. And, where the study of borders being pursued in Poland is concerned, it needs to be hoped that a new trajectory may be found and followed, with each conceptualisation exerting a summarising or theorising impact proving of value as form is given to a full new theory for the development of borders and borderlands in Poland and its neighbouring countries, with account taken, not merely of recent decades, but of a much longer time period. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/111569/PDF/WA51_138532_r2019-t91-z4_Przeg-Geogr-Wieckows.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 4 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 4 EP - 466 KW - state border KW - barrier KW - peripheries KW - cross-border cooperation KW - Poland KW - European Union A1 - Więckowski, Marek (1971– ). Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 443 T1 - Od barier i izolacji do sieci i przestrzeni transgranicznej – konceptualizacja cyklu funkcjonowania granic państwowych = From barriers and isolation to transboundary space and networks – conceptualising ways in which state borders function UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/111569 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - This article deals with changes in political boundaries, border regimes and border policies that have taken place in the area between the Baltic and the Mediterranean, which corresponds in the broadest sense with the term ‘Europe-in-between’. An important generator of problems here has been the multi-ethnic composition of the population, a source of diffuse political processes often even giving rise to conflict. Border policies have served as indicators of the relationships pertaining between countries, though they have an even broader exponent relating EU policies and peacekeeping missions, among other things, and thus offering nothing less than a laboratory for geopolitics both old and new. In the three parts present here, the first represents a short theoretical discussion concerning national systems, while the second offers an empirical analysis of border changes and policies in the area stretching from Kaliningrad to the Bosphorus and Trieste. Finally, a third, synthetic, part discusses recent challenges to border policies in the area in question posed by processes of European integration, as set against the new security paradigms of our era. Particular emphasis is placed on strong immigration pressure, pan-Turkish strategic aspirations, the Balkan area and its policies and the relationship between the EU and Russia. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/64176/PDF/WA51_83583_r2017-forthcoming_G-Polonica-Zupancic.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Geographia Polonica Vol. 91 No. 1 (2018) PY - 2018 IS - 1 EP - 46 KW - border politics KW - border changes KW - Central and Eastern Europe KW - security KW - new geopolitics A1 - Zupančič, Jernej. Autor A1 - Wendt, Jan A. Autor A1 - Ilieş, Alexandru. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 33 T1 - An outline of border changes in the area between the Baltic and the Mediterranean: Their geopolitical implications and classification UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/64176 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 29 cm N2 - Economic growth and development theories have neglected the role of knowledge and space for a long time. However, it is widely accepted that knowledge has played a more and more important role in economic development, and—due to its spatial characteristics—also in regional development. The aim of this paper is to explore some spatial characteristics of knowledge and their impact on regional development, especially in case of border regions. After some theoretical considerations, the paper investigates the features of universities’ cross-border cooperations in the Austrian-Hungarian border region. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/55786/PDF/WA51_75873_r2010-t21_EuropaXXI-Smaho.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Europa XXI 21 (2010) PY - 2010 EP - 75 KW - knowledge KW - universities KW - cross-border cooperation KW - Austrian-Hungarian border region A1 - Smahó, Melinda PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 21 CY - Warszawa SP - 63 T1 - Inter universities cooperations in the Austrian-Hungarian border region UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/55786 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Volz, Wilhelm (1870–1958) A2 - Schwalm, Hans PB - Stiftung für Deutsche Volks- u. Kulturbodenforschung N1 - Scales differ N1 - 1 atlas ([1], 12 folded leaves) : col. maps ; sheets 68x49 cm, folded in cover 68x49 cm + Kartenanhang : 13 p. ; 30 cm CY - Leipzig PY - 1929 KW - political-administrative atlases KW - economic atlases KW - border regions KW - state borders KW - Germany T1 - Die deutsche Ostgrenze UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/38552 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Powęska, Halina A1 - Papis, Joanna A1 - Komornicki, Tomasz PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 50 pp. : il. ; 30 cm N1 - Summary in English. N1 - Bibliogr. p. 38 L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/34156/PDF/WA51_44768_r1996-nr38_Zeszyty-IGiPZ.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa J2 - Border crossing points in Kostrzyn, Słubice, Świecko, Gubin - main functions and zones of influence on the Polish and German territory J2 - City of Duszniki Zdrój as a near-the-border community J2 - Zeszyty Instytutu Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania PAN nr 38 PY - 1996 KW - border regions KW - border crossing points KW - Poland KW - Germany KW - Duszniki-Zdrój T1 - Przejścia graniczne : Kostrzyn, Słubice, Świecko, Gubin - podstawowe fukcje i strefa oddziaływania na terenie Polski i Niemiec = Border crossing points in Kostrzyn, Słubice, Świecko, Gubin - main functions and zones of influence on the Polish and German territory T1 - Miasto Duszniki Zdrój jako gmina przygraniczna = City of Duszniki Zdrój as a near-the-border community UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/34156 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 29 cm N2 - This paper presents selected problems on Polish-Russian cross-border cooperation based on the example of Vistula Lagoon (historical, political and economical background, environmental factors, relationships after May 1st 2004, when the boundary has been the external European Union border). L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/55798/PDF/WA51_75565_r2010-t20_EuropaXXI-Palmowski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Europa XXI 20 (2010) PY - 2010 EP - 63 KW - Vistula Lagoon KW - cross-border cooperation KW - border and Baltic shipments A1 - Palmowski, Tadeusz PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 20 CY - Warszawa SP - 55 T1 - Selected problems on Polish-Russian cross-border cooperation based on the example of the Vistula Lagoon UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/55798 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Romer, Eugeniusz (1871–1954). Red. A2 - "Atlas" Akcyjna Spółka Kartograficzna i Wydawnicza (Lwów) A2 - Instytut Kartograficzny im. Eugeniusza Romera PB - Nakład i druk Akcyjnej Spółki Kartograficznej i Wydawnicznej Atlas N1 - Scale 1:2 000 000 N1 - 1 map : col. ; 33x32 cm, on sheet 38x35 cm N1 - On the map date: luty 1923 M3 - Image CY - Lwów PY - 1923 KW - political-administrative maps KW - border regions KW - state borders KW - Poland KW - Lithuania T1 - Nowa granica Polski na Wileńszczyżnie UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/28713 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Stasiak, Andrzej (1928–2008). Red. A2 - Komornicki, Tomasz. Red. PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 184 pp. : maps ; 24 cm N1 - Seminarium naukowe, Jabłonki Stare, 10-14.04.1994 L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/29202/PDF/WA51_44588_r1994-nr6_Biuletyn-IGiPZPAN.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa J2 - Biuletyn / Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania, Nr 6 J2 - Problemy prigraničnogo sotrudničestva meždu Polʹšej i Kalinigradskoj oblastʹju Rossijskoj Federacii PY - 1994 KW - transborder cooperation KW - border regions KW - border areas KW - Poland KW - Russia KW - Kaliningrad District T1 - Problemy współpracy przygranicznej pomiędzy Polską i Obwodem Kaliningradzkim Federacji Rosyjskiej UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/29202 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Eberhardt, Piotr (1935– ). Red. A2 - Miros, Krzysztof. Red. PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - XXVIII, 172 pp. : maps ; 24 cm N1 - Bibliogr. N1 - Wykaz publikacji A. Stasiaka p. XV-XXVIII, L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/29201/PDF/WA51_44589_r1994-nr5_Biuletyn-IGiPZPAN.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa J2 - Biuletyn / Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania, nr 5 PY - 1994 KW - transborder cooperation KW - border areas KW - border regions KW - Poland KW - Andrzej Stasiak T1 - Węzłowe problemy współpracy przygranicznej : biuletyn poświęcony Prof. dr hab. Andrzejowi Stasiakowi z okazji 40-lecia pracy naukowej UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/29201 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Eberhardt, Piotr (1935– ). Red. A2 - Komornicki, Tomasz. Red. PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 240 pp. : maps ; 25 cm N1 - Bibliogr. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/29198/PDF/WA51_44592_r1993-nr2_Biuletyn-IGiPZPAN.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa J2 - Biuletyn / Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania, Nr 2 PY - 1993 KW - transborder cooperation KW - border regions KW - border areas KW - Eastern Poland T1 - Problematyka wschodniego obszaru pogranicza UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/29198 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Stasiak, Andrzej (1928–2008). Red. A2 - Miros, Krzysztof. Red. PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 135 pp. : maps ; 25 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/29197/PDF/WA51_44593_r1993-nr1_Biuletyn-IGiPZPAN.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa J2 - Biuletyn / Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania, nr 1 PY - 1993 KW - transborder cooperation KW - border areas KW - border regions KW - Western Poland T1 - Problematyka zachodniego obszaru pogranicza : materiały z konferencji, Zielona Góra, 16-17 października 1992 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/29197 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Jakubowski, Maciej. Red. PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 209 pp. : il., err. ; 24 cm N1 - Bibliogr. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/30314/PDF/WA51_44627_r1997-vol2_Geopolitical-Studies.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warsaw J2 - Geopolitical Studies / Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, vol. 2 PY - 1997 KW - border regions KW - border areas KW - transborder cooperation KW - Eastern Poland KW - Lithnuania T1 - The Polish-Lithuanian border region : research problems and scientific co-operation UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/30314 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rościszewski, Marcin (1929–2002) A2 - Siemek, Zuzanna. Red. PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 94 pp. : il. ; 24 cm N1 - Summary in English. N1 - Bibliogr. p. 85-87 L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/30313/PDF/WA51_44629_r1997-vol1_Geopolitical-Studies.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warsaw J2 - Geopolitical Studies / Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, vol. 1 J2 - Polish eastern border PY - 1997 KW - border regions KW - border areas KW - transborder cooperation KW - Eastern Poland T1 - Polska granica wschodnia = Polish eastern border UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/30313 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Stasiak, Andrzej (1928–2008). Red. A2 - Miros, Krzysztof. Red. PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 246 pp. : maps ; 24 cm N1 - Projekt badawczy nr 6 6130 92 03 pt. "Podstawy rozwoju zachodnich i wschodnich obszarów przygranicznych Polski" N1 - Bibliogr. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/29838/PDF/WA51_44582_r1995-nr11_Biuletyn-IGiPZPANs.pdf M3 - Text CY - Warszawa J2 - Biuletyn / Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania, nr 11 J2 - Polen und seine grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit mit den Nachbarländern PY - 1995 KW - transborder cooperation KW - border regions KW - border areas KW - euroregions KW - Poland T1 - Polska i jej współdziałanie transgraniczne z sąsiadami : materiały z konferencji Warszawa-Szklarska Poręba-Bocholt - 4-11.05.94. Cz. 2 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/29838 ER -