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<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Acta Poloniae Historica T. 122 (2020)]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[History of Socio-Political Concepts in Poland From the Eighteenth to the Mid-Twentieth Century]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A Demonic Chrysalis: the Concept of Bourgeoisie in Poland]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Acta Poloniae Historica T. 122 (2020)]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[History of Socio-Political Concepts in Poland From the Eighteenth to the Mid-Twentieth Century]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[A Demonic Chrysalis: the Concept of Bourgeoisie in Poland]]></dc:title>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Kożuchowski, Adam (1979– )]]></dc:creator>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[bourgeoisie]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[mieszczaństwo]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[philistinism]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[patriciate]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[plutocracy]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[middle class]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Marxism]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[avant-garde]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[middle class - Poland - history]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Mieszczaństwo -- Polska -- historia [KABA]]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[burżuazja - Polska]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[plutokracja]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[patrycjat]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[klasy średnie]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Marksizm [KABA]]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[awangarda]]></dc:subject>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[This paper investigates the history of the concept of bourgeoisie in Poland, emphasising troubles with its assimilation into the Polish language, and its special entanglement with the socialist and modernist discourse. The concept, it is argued, was borrowed in the late nineteenth century from France, where it concerned the urban upper-middle class; it arrived in Poland as part of the socialist discourse of the time, which gave it strong negative and derogatory connotations. The ambiguity that arose was further complicated by a number of other factors as well. First, the understanding of the term ‘bourgeoisie’ within the leftist discourse was itself ambivalent, combining the strictly theoretical definition encompassing the class of capitalist owners of the means of production, and the practical and emotional label attached to the urban classes. Second, also for the reasons indicated above, the concept of bourgeoisie was not able to replace the older Polish concepts regarding the urban population [mieszczaństwo], and the differences between them remained vague, and occasionally disputable. Third, not only did the term ‘bourgeoisie’ never fully emancipate itself from the domination of the indigenous concepts, but it also suffered from its translation into Polish, where it was regularly omitted when regarding Western European realities, but where it was a permanent fixture in the case of Russian and Soviet literature. Finally, the paper searches for the reasons behind the relative elimination of the concept from the Polish discourse, or at least large segments thereof, in the last half-century.]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[p. 79-107]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[This paper investigates the history of the concept of bourgeoisie in Poland, emphasising troubles with its assimilation into the Polish language, and its special entanglement with the socialist and modernist discourse. The concept, it is argued, was borrowed in the late nineteenth century from France, where it concerned the urban upper-middle class; it arrived in Poland as part of the socialist discourse of the time, which gave it strong negative and derogatory connotations. The ambiguity that arose was further complicated by a number of other factors as well. First, the understanding of the term ‘bourgeoisie’ within the leftist discourse was itself ambivalent, combining the strictly theoretical definition encompassing the class of capitalist owners of the means of production, and the practical and emotional label attached to the urban classes. Second, also for the reasons indicated above, the concept of bourgeoisie was not able to replace the older Polish concepts regarding the urban population [mieszczaństwo], and the differences between them remained vague, and occasionally disputable. Third, not only did the term ‘bourgeoisie’ never fully emancipate itself from the domination of the indigenous concepts, but it also suffered from its translation into Polish, where it was regularly omitted when regarding Western European realities, but where it was a permanent fixture in the case of Russian and Soviet literature. Finally, the paper searches for the reasons behind the relative elimination of the concept from the Polish discourse, or at least large segments thereof, in the last half-century.]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[s. 79-107]]></dc:description>
<dc:publisher><![CDATA[Instytut Historii PAN]]></dc:publisher>
<dc:contributor><![CDATA[Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences]]></dc:contributor>
<dc:date><![CDATA[2020]]></dc:date>
<dc:type xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Text]]></dc:type>
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<dc:identifier><![CDATA[0001-6829]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[2450-8462]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[10.12775/APH.2020.122.04]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[https://rcin.org.pl/dlibra/publication/193889/edition/159933/content]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[oai:rcin.org.pl:159933]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[IH PAN, sygn. A.295/122 Podr.]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[IH PAN, sygn. A.296/122]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[http://ih.katalog.pan.pl/ipac20/ipac.jsp?profile=ihpan&index=BOCLC&term=aa95026139]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[IH PAN, sygn. A.295/122 Podr.]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[IH PAN, sygn. A.296/122]]></dc:source>
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<dc:language><![CDATA[eng]]></dc:language>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Bürgertum im 19. Jahrhundert. Deutschland im europäischen Vergleich, ed. by Jürgen Kocka (München, 1988).]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Doumard Adeline, Les bourgeois et la bourgeoisie en France depuis 1815 (Paris, 1987).]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Gay Peter, The Bourgeois Experience. Victoria to Freud, i: Education of the Senses (New York–Oxford, 1984); ii: The Tender Passion (1986); iii: The Cultivation of Hatred (1993); iv: The Naked Heart (1995).]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Ihnatowicz Ireneusz, Obyczaj wielkiej burżuazji warszawskiej w XIX wieku (Warszawa, 1971).]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Kołodziejczyk Ryszard, Burżuazja polska w XIX i XX wieku. Szkice historyczne (Warszawa, 1979).]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Kożuchowski Adam, ‘Zmierzch patrycjatu i narodziny burżuazji w literaturze niemieckiej epoki wilhelmińskiej’, Kultura i Społeczeństwo, xlvii, 4 (2003), 159–77.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Mieszczaństwo i mieszczańskość w literaturze polskiej drugiej połowy XIX wieku, ed. By Ewa Ihnatowicz (Warszawa, 2000).]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Ossowska Maria, Moralność mieszczańska (Warszawa, 1985), in English: Bourgeois Morality (London, 1986).]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Pytlas Sławomir, Łódzka burżuazja przemysłowa w latach 1864–1914 (Łódź, 1994).]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Siennicka Mariola, Rodzina burżuazji warszawskiej i jej obyczaj (Warszawa, 1998).]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Acta Poloniae Historica]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[oai:rcin.org.pl:publication:193889]]></dc:relation>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Creative Commons Attribution BY-ND 4.0 license]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Licencja Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa-Bez utworów zależnych 4.0]]></dc:rights>
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