@misc{Migula_Paweł_Adaptational_1991,
 author={Migula, Paweł},
 volume={13-14},
 number={3-4},
 copyright={Creative Commons Attribution BY-SA 4.0 license},
 journal={Biotechnologia, vol.13-14, 3-4 (1991)-.},
 howpublished={online},
 year={1991},
 publisher={Committee on Biotechnology PAS},
 publisher={Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry PAS},
 language={pol},
 abstract={Since at least some of both marine and terrestrial invertebrate species can survive well in areas severely polluted with heavy metals the author examined various adaptational strategies which evolved In thisgroup of animals. All these data are discussed on the background of cytotoxicity of heavy metals and differences in routes of uptake and transporting systems of heavy metals into the cells.The basic mechanisms of heavy metal tolerance evolved independently in various groups of invertebrates. They might be summarized as follows: 1) behavioural and physiological mechanisms ofavoidance; 2) mechanisms of intensified excretion from an organism; 3) mechanisms of detoxication by;binding with specific low molecular weight proteins - metallothioneins; sequestering in lisosomes, compartmentation in various extracellular and intracellular granules and vesicles. All these mechanisms are discussed in details with the emphasis to show the differences between marine and terrestrial invertebrates.The genetic mechanism of tolerance to heavy metals may appear to consist of duplication of the genewhich codes for metallothionein. In concluding remarks the author posed some questions which are stillopen to further studies.},
 type={Text},
 title={Adaptational strategies of invertebrates to environmental contamination with heavy metals},
 URL={http://www.rcin.org.pl/Content/180503/PDF/POZN271_214784_biotechnologia-1991-no3-4-migula.pdf},
 keywords={biotechnology},
}