@misc{Łupienko_Aleksander_(1980–_)_Miejskie_2019,
 author={Łupienko, Aleksander (1980– )},
 editor={Łupienko, Aleksander (1980– ). Editor},
 editor={Zabłocka-Kos, Agnieszka (1957– ). Editor},
 editor={Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla},
 copyright={Creative Commons Attribution BY-ND 4.0 license},
 address={Warszawa},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2019},
 publisher={Instytut Historii PAN},
 language={pol},
 abstract={When studying the history and transformations of public spaces in the nineteenth-century city, it is possible to distinguish certain complexes of problems that are shared by various types of this space. In this article, the author analyses such questions as the emergence and functioning of public urban parks in the Polish Kingdom and Galicia in the nineteenth century (up to 1914) in order to indicate and describe in what way the parks, which in that period were also called gardens or walks, jointly created the public space of the city. Their emergence in the eighteenth and at the turn of the nineteenth centuries was related to aristocratic culture, but the nature of the urban garden in the nineteenth century was associated with the world of images and ideals of the middle class. Accents of the significance of these complexes were associated with the state and municipal authorities, but it would be difficult to talk about a clear manifestation of the structures of power and domination. An examination of the everyday functioning of these parks makes it possible for us to analyse – on the basis of concrete examples – social changes and arising conflicts (social, economic, and ethnic) in the rapidly developing urban centres, and also the development of capitalism and culture of consumption (consumerism) in the lands of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth situated in the peripheral areas of the West.},
 type={Text},
 title={Miejskie parki publiczne zaboru rosyjskiego i austriackiego jako przestrzenie publiczne w drugiej połowie XIX wieku},
 URL={http://www.rcin.org.pl/Content/140648/PDF/WA303_175451_II14682_Lupienko.pdf},
 keywords={cities and towns - Poland - history - 19th c., cities and towns - Poland - history - 1900-1945, architecture and society - Poland - history - 19th c., architecture and society - Poland - history - 1900-1945, urban parks - Poland - history, municipal gardens, public space},
}