RCIN and OZwRCIN projects

Object

Title: Spójność i regionalizacja miejskiej sieci osadniczej w Polsce w świetle teorii grafów = Connectivity and regionalisation of urban settlement in Poland in the light of graph theory

Creator:

Jażdżewska, Iwona ; Jażdżewska, Iwona

Date issued/created:

2017

Resource type:

Text

Subtitle:

Przegląd Geograficzny T. 89 z. 2 (2017)

Publisher:

IGiPZ PAN

Place of publishing:

Warszawa

Description:

24 cm

Type of object:

Journal/Article

Abstract:

Graph theory was used to present the connectivity and regionalisation of Poland’s network of urban settlement in 1931, 1950 and 2002. The vertices show towns and cities (as points), while the edges reflect distances between such urban centres, where these are located no further than 25 km apart. Simple graphs were used, and advantage taken of the properties of connected and disconnected (cohesive or non-cohesive) graphs, with graph connectivity studied to assess persistence in the settlement network. A connected graph may become disconnected when one vertex is removed, and in the context of the urban settlement network this denotes a town or city losing its rights and becoming part of the set of rural settlements. Conversely, a disconnected graph becomes connected when a new town or city in the network is founded. An important issue here is determination of the degree to which a connected graph can be regarded as connected. This is achieved by considering the number of edges needing to be removed from a graph before disconnection takes place. Such aspects of connectivity of the urban settlement network, as well as the forms it assumed in 1931, 1950 and 2002, have been presented against the backdrop of historical circumstances. Furthermore, urban settlement networks were considered regional if they could be represented by biconnected graphs. In fact, it was possible to distinguish several sub-graphs present at the beginning of the 21st century and representing permanent urban settlement networks (Fig. 8). These were the urban networks of the Wielkopolska region, as well as Lower Silesia, Kujawy, Upper Silesia, the Cracow agglomeration, Gdansk Pomerania and Western Pomerania, as well as Warmia and Mazury. Smaller and younger regions also represented by biconnected graphs included the agglomerations of Warsaw, Łódź, Białystok and Rzeszów, as well as the towns of the Świętokrzyskie, Lublin, Zamość, Lubuskie and Wolin regions.Thanks to analysis utilising graph theory, it was possible to note that the oldest regional urban settlement network (Silesia, Wielkopolska, Western Pomerania, Warmia and Mazury) takes the form of multiple circles. Most connected full graphs can be found in “young” towns and cities in Upper Silesia, the Dąbrowa Basin and, partially, the Warsaw agglomeration. The modern shape of urban settlement networks is influenced by railways, as can be seen in the cases of Warsaw and the Rzeszów agglomeration, as well as the Świętokrzyskie, Łódź and Białystok regions. After 1945, the connection of the urban settlement network of the so-called Regained Territories with the urban areas of Wielkopolska, Kujawy and other regions still separated by a state border as of 1931 may indicate the existence of a supranational region before World War II. Thanks to the functions provided by GIS tools and, in particular, the utilisation of additional layers with rivers and historical borders in graph analyses, the interpretation of graph connectivity was able to take into account the historical aspect.

References:

1. Cheung A.K.L., O'Sullivan D., Brierley G., 2015, Graph-assisted landscape monitoring, International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 29, 4, s. 580-605.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2014.989856 -
2. Curtin K.M., 2007, Network Analysis in Geographic Information Science: Review, Assessment, and Projections, Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 34, 2, s. 103-111.
https://doi.org/10.1559/152304007781002163 -7.
3. Erath A., Löchl M., Axhausen K.W., 2009, Graph-theoretical analysis of the Swiss road and railway networks over time, Networks and Spatial Economics, 9, 3, s. 379-400.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11067-008-9074-7 -
4. Gautama S., D'Haeyer J., Philips W., 2006, Graph-based change detection in geographic information using VHR satellite images, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27, 9, s. 1809-1824; DOI: 10.1080/01431160612331392545
https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160612331392545 -
5. Gęstość zaludnienia w diecezji krakowskiej w drugiej ćwierci XIV w. na podstawie rejestrów Świętopietrza, 1961, Mapa 5 [w:] Historia Polski – tom 1 do roku 1764, mapy, PWN, Warszawa, opr. T. Ładogórski.
6. Gil J., 2011, Analysing the configuration of integrated multi-modal urban networks, Continuity, 100(2), 1.
7. Jażdżewska I., 2006, Kształtowanie się miejskiej sieci osadniczej Polski do roku 1918 na tle zmian terytorium kraju, Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Socio-Economica, 7, s. 96-121.
8. Jażdżewska I., 2008, Przemiany miejskiej sieci osadniczej w Polsce w świetle metod matematycznych, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź.
9. Jażdżewska I., 2008, Dlaczego warto stosować teorię grafów w badaniach geografii historycznej? Przykłady zastosowania, [w:] M. Kulesza (red.), Czas i przestrzeń w naukach geograficznych. Wybrane problemy geografii historycznej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź, s. 243-256.
10. Kansky K., 1963, Structure of Transportation Networks: Relationships Between Network Geometry and Regional Characteristics, Research Paper, 84, Department of Geography, University of Michigan, Michigan.
11. Królestwo Polskie i kraje ościenne ok. 1860 r., 1960, Mapa 15 [w:] Historia Polski – tom 2 do roku 1864, mapy, PWN, Warszawa, opr. J. Hulanicki, H. Rutkowski.
12. Królestwo Polskie Kazimierza Wielkiego i współczesne mu księstwa Piastów, 1961, Mapa 6 [w:] Historia Polski – tom 1 do roku 1764, mapy, PWN, Warszawa, opr. B. Kaczmarski.
13. Kulesza M., Koter M., 1998, Kształtowanie się sieci miast na obszarze Polski Środkowej, [w:] A. Werwicki (red.), Transformacja społeczno-ekonomiczna Polski Środkowej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź, s. 17-38.
14. Lin J., Chongcheng C., Wu J., 2013, CD-graph: planar graph representation for spatial adjacency and neighbourhood relation with constraints, International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 27, 10, s. 1902-1923; DOI: 10.1080/13658816.2013.769136
https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2013.769136 -
15. Maik W., 1979, Zastosowanie metod grafowych do hierarchizacji elementów systemu osadniczego, [w:] Z. Chojnicki (red.), Struktura i funkcje układów przestrzenno-ekonomicznych, UAM, Seria Geografia, 18, s. 37-43.
16. Moriconi-Ebrard F., 1993, L'urbanisation du Monde, depuis 1950, Anthripos, Paryż.
17. Morgado P., Costa N., 2011, Graph-based model to transport networks analysis through GIS, [w:] Proceedings of European Colloquium on Quantitative and Theoretical Geography, 2-5 September, Athens, Greece, s. 2-5.
18. Natapov A., Czamanski D., Fisher-Gewirtzman D., 2013, Can visibility predict location? Visibility graph of food and drink facilities in the city, Survey Review, 45, 333, s. 462-471.
https://doi.org/10.1179/1752270613Y.0000000057 -
19. Patarasuk R., 2013, Road network connectivity and land-cover dynamics in Lop Buri province, Thailand, Journal of Transport Geography, 28, s. 111-123.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.11.011 -
20. Payne K.C., Dror M., 2015, Construction of a topographical road graph for bicycle tour routes, Sports Technology, 8, 1-2, s. 1-11.
21. Polska w okresie rozdrobnienia feudalnego. Podział polityczny ziem polskich ok. r. 1250, 1961, Mapa 4 [w:] Historia Polski – tom 1 do roku 1764, mapy, PWN, Warszawa, opr. R. Cieśla.
22. Potrykowski M., Taylor Z., 1982, Geografia transportu, PWN, Warszawa.
23. Ratajczak W., 1977, Metody grafowe w geografii ekonomicznej, [w:] Z. Chojnicki (red.), Metody ilościowe i modele w geografii, PWN, Warszawa, s. 143-157.
24. Ratajczak W., 1992, Dostępność komunikacyjna miast wojewódzkich Polski w latach 1948-1988, Współczesne problemy geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej Polski, Seria Geografi a, 55, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM, Poznań.
25. Rozenblat C., Pumain D., 2007, Firm linkages, innovation and the evolution of urban systems, [w:] P. Taylor B. Derudder, P. Saey, F. Witlox (red.), Cities in Globalization: Practices, Policies and Theories, Routledge, London – New York, s. 130-156.
26. Rozenblat C., Tissandier P., 2007, Commuter graphs and cities' polycentric cohesion, [w:] Proceedings of the 15th European Colloquium on Theoretical and Quantitative Geography (ECTQG), Montreux, Switzerland, s. 7-11.
27. Rozwój komunikacji na ziemiach polskich w latach 1864-1914, 1963, Mapa 10 [w:] Historia Polski tom 3 do roku 1864-1900, mapy, PWN, Warszawa, opr. J. Humnicki.
28. Runge J., 2006, Metody badań w geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej: elementy metodologii, wybrane narzędzia badawcze, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, Sosnowiec.
29. Rydzewski T., 2001, Dostępność topologiczna na przykładzie sieci kolejowej województwa zachodniopomorskiego w 1999 r. [w:] H. Rogacki (red.), Koncepcje teoretyczne i metody badań geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej i gospodarki przestrzennej, Bogucki Wydawnictwo naukowe, Poznań, s.159-167.
30. Sööt S., 1975, National airline networks: A graph theoretic analysis, Cahiers de géographie du Québec, 19, 48, s. 461-474.
https://doi.org/10.7202/021290ar -
31. Staropolskie Zagłębie Przemysłowe w latach 1815-1843, 1960, Mapa 13 [w:] Historia Polski tom 2 do roku 1864, mapy, PWN, Warszawa, opr. A. Borkiewicz.
32. Taylor Z., 1979, Przestrzenna dostępność miejskiego systemu transportowego na przykładzie Poznania, Studia KPZK PAN, 67, Warszawa.
33. Thomson R.C., Richardson D.E., 1995, A graph theory approach to road network generalisation, [w:] Proceeding of the 17th International Cartographic Conference, Barcelona, Spain, s. 1871-1880.
34. Weltrowska J., 2003, Rozwój systemu bankowego w Polsce w latach 1989-2002, Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań.
35. Wilson R.J., 2000, Wprowadzenie do teorii grafów, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
36. Zagożdżon A., 1970, Metody grafowe w badaniach osadnictwa, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem morfologii siedlisk, Przegląd Geograficzny, 42, 2, s. 335-348.
37. Ziemie polskie. Podział administracyjny ok. 1820 r., 1960, Mapa 9 [w:] Historia Polski tom 2 do roku 1864, mapy, PWN, Warszawa, opr. J. Humaniecki.

Relation:

Przegląd Geograficzny

Volume:

89

Issue:

2

Start page:

213

End page:

231

Detailed Resource Type:

Article

Format:

File size 1,4 MB ; application/pdf

Resource Identifier:

oai:rcin.org.pl:63055 ; 0033-2143 (print) ; 2300-8466 (on-line) ; 10.7163/PrzG.2017.2.2

Source:

CBGiOS. IGiPZ PAN, sygn.: Cz.181, Cz.3136, Cz.4187 ; click here to follow the link

Language:

pol

Language of abstract:

eng

Rights:

Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license

Terms of use:

Copyright-protected material. [CC BY 3.0 PL] May be used within the scope specified in Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license, full text available at: ; -

Digitizing institution:

Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Original in:

Central Library of Geography and Environmental Protection. Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization PAS

Projects co-financed by:

Programme Innovative Economy, 2010-2014, Priority Axis 2. R&D infrastructure ; European Union. European Regional Development Fund

Access:

Open

Object collections:

Last modified:

Mar 25, 2021

In our library since:

Sep 25, 2017

Number of object content downloads / hits:

2673

All available object's versions:

https://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/publication/82427

Show description in RDF format:

RDF

Show description in RDFa format:

RDFa

Show description in OAI-PMH format:

OAI-PMH

×

Citation

Citation style:

This page uses 'cookies'. More information