TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/81402/PDF/WA51_106550_00078_Lagowo_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/81402 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Urban streams have recently become an important topic of diversified scientific research. This reflects their ecological and recreational significance. It is well known that progressive urbanisation in large cities poses a threat to natural ecosystems like bodies of water and watercourses. Changes in stream morphology caused by regulation and inflows from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants influence water quality and interfere with the water cycle. The 65.3 km2 catchment of the Służewiecki Stream is located in the south-western part of Warsaw. It flows 17.1 km through five districts of the capital city and is the largest tributary of the River Vistula in the Warsaw area. Due to a huge (86.8%) contribution of built-up areas, including land associated with communications, industry and commerce, the stream is under a constant, wide-ranging anthropopressure. Upstream, from source to outlet from the Airport rainwater treatment plant, the Służewiecki Stream flows mainly through an underground channel. However, downstream there is a significant modification introduced in the catchment thanks to two artificial bodies of water (called Staw Wyścigi and Staw Służewiecki). The aim of this study was to determine the spatial and seasonal variability of selected quality parameters of water in the Służewiecki Stream catchment. Research sought to identify changes in physical and chemical parameters along the Stream and its two tributaries, as well as to determine seasonal variation in these parameters. For those purposes, the field investigations run from November 2017 through to October 2018, over a regular two-week cycle, involved water temperature, oxygen saturation, conductivity and pH. A monthly cycle was in turn applied in determining concentrations of nitrates and phosphates. Measurements were conducted at 11 sites across the catchment, of which nine (P1-P9) were along the Stream itself, and two (D1, D2) on its largest tributaries (the Rów Grabowski and Kanał Wolicki). Measurement sites were selected to ensure assessment of the impacts of various forms of anthropopressure on the selected water-quality parameters; with the Warsaw Airport rainwater treatment plant and two artificial bodies of water considered to influence most. On the basis of the data obtained, magnitude and variability parameters were calculated, while the similarity of measurement sites was determined using the Ward agglomeration method. Additionally, in August 2018, field investigation of aquatic vegetation was carried out, indicating the presence of five species of macrophyte along the Służewiecki Stream. The results indicate that the physico-chemical regime along the Służewiecki Stream is mostly disturbed by the two artificial bodies of water, which interrupt the natural continuum of the river. Thermal and oxygen conditions undergo the greatest transformation. The bodies of water also cause a change in phosphate concentration due to their bioaccumulation and immobilisation of ions. However, tributaries and the operation of the Airport rainwater treatment plant also exert a significant impact on spatial variability to investigated parameters along the Służewiecki Stream. Seasonal differentiation in physico-chemical characteristics was mainly related to meteorological conditions, the vegetative cycle of photosynthetic organisms and changes in anthropopressure. Most of the tested parameters displayed a clear seasonal cycle, though the exceptions were nitrate and phosphate, whose cycles reflect the impact of various, independent factors, such as hydrological conditions, decomposition processes and wastewater inflow. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/70400/PDF/WA51_91971_r2019-t91-z1_Przeg-Geogr-Halas.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 1 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 1 EP - 138 KW - water quality KW - physical and chemical parameters KW - anthropopression KW - Służewiecki Stream KW - urbanised catchment A1 - Halaś, Agnieszka. Autor A1 - Czarnecka, Kaja. Autor A1 - Piasecki, Krzysztof. Autor A1 - Łaszewski, Maksym. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 121 T1 - Przestrzenne i sezonowe zróżnicowanie wybranych parametrów jakości wody w zlewni zurbanizowanej na przykładzie Potoku Służewieckiego = Spatial and seasonal variability of selected water-quality parameters in an urbanised catchment as exemplified by Warsaw’s Służewiecki Stream UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/70400 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - The aim of this work was to estimate the potential of arable land to provide a regulating service – namely decomposition, following the CICES v5.1 theoretical framework and classification system. Arable land potential was estimated by characteristics of earthworms (Lumbricidae), notably the density and biomass of their populations. Arable lands accounts for about 60% of Poland, and such intensive land-use systems (and especially those involving large-scale monocultures) exert a significant impact on individual components of the environment, for example leading to a degradation of soil structure and an increase in its aeration, to mineralisation of humus, and to the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. In this context, an important aspect is maintenance of resources of organic matter in soil, given that the latter not only plays a significant role in production, as a habitat and in regard to retention, but also mediates processes of carbon sequestration that have the potential to reduce the greenhouse effect. Since Charles Darwin conducted his classic studies of earthworms in the late 1800s, these species have been recognised as major actors in the processing of dead and decomposing organic matter. Earthworms improve soil bulk density, pore size, water infiltration rate, soil water content, and water-holding capacity. High earthworm densities are associated with well-drained, aerated, fertile soils. Characteristics of earthworm assemblages in terms of their biomass and density (also within ecological groups) can thus serve as valuable indicators of Ecosystem Services (ES) offered by agricultural ecosystems, given the key relationships pertaining between earthworms and critical soil processes for ES. The study areas are located in a young glacial landscape in Suwalskie Lake District in NE Poland (OM), as well as the Western Pomeranian Lake District in NW Poland (OP). The farmlands selected (of 90 and 100 ha respectively) are old structured landscapes under constant management for at least 100 years. The main site selection criterion was thus the existence of two spatially different configurations of arable land in each region – i.e. a heterogeneous one of small fields (PM) that belong to private owners; and a homogeneous one comprising large fields (PW) previously state-managed but now subject to a continuous method of cultivation. A total of 440 sampling points were analysed. Earthworms were collected under similar weather conditions in May (spring season) and in October (autumn season) over a two-year period (2007–2008). Pits 30 cm deep of cross-sectional area 0.25 m2 were dug out by hand, with specimens extracted in situ by a combination of sifting and hand-sorting and than fixed immediately in 70% ethanol. All the individuals were identified to species level, counted and weighted. Statistical calculations were made using SAS 9.2 software. To determine the significance of differences in quantitative characteristics of assemblages of earthworms, multifactorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted, with the significance level set at p = 0.05. The results of the analysis in supra-regional terms show that areas of more diversified spatial structure support a significantly higher density and biomass of earthworms than do structurally-poorer areas. This means that, in this aspect, the potential for providing decomposition services (ES) is higher in the mosaic of small fields than the homogeneous area. On a regional basis, the overall density and biomass of Lumbricidae points to significant differences between OM (“the masurian area”) and OP (“the pomeranian area”). It should be emphasised that differences between miscellaneous systems of agricultural areas are much more visible in the case of the OM area. The small fields of the OM area are much smaller than the corresponding fields in OP area, and are also crossed by numerous balks and mid-field roads. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/70399/PDF/WA51_91947_r2019-t91-z1_Przeg-Geogr-Regulska.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 1 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 1 EP - 119 KW - ecosystem services KW - decomposition KW - Lumbricidae KW - agricultural landscape KW - North Poland KW - North-Eastern Poland A1 - Regulska, Edyta. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 107 T1 - Potencjał krajobrazów rolniczych do świadczenia usługi dekompozycji materii organicznej = The potential of agricultural landscapes to supply organic-matter decomposition services UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/70399 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Mountain areas are ecosystems very vulnerable to fluctuations and changes of climate. As a consequence, research into climate and climate change in Poland’s Karkonosze and Tatra Mountains has been ongoing for several years now, and has already yielded essential information regarding these highest ranges in Poland. However, there remains a paucity of research comparing features of climate in the two chains of mountains. In consequence, the work detailed here has sought to compare key climate characteristics in these ranges, as well as their seasonal and multiannual changes over the period 1951‒2015. The research is based on daily meteorological records from within the network of Poland’s Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute. In the case of the Karkonosze Mts., it was the meteorological stations at Śnieżka (Ś, 1603 m a.s.l.) and Jelenia Góra (JG, 344 m a.s.l.) that were chosen; while in the Tatras the selected stations were on Kasprowy Wierch (KW, 1990 m a.s.l.) and in Zakopane (Z, 857 m a.s.l.). Additionally, the station at Hala Gąsienicowa (HG, 1520 m a.s.l.) was considered in line with data available for the shorter 1981‒2015 period. The research took account of daily data on air temperature, relative humidity of the air, wind speed, precipitation and snow cover. Specifically, the climate characteristics calculated and analysed by reference to mean multiannual, yearly and seasonal values related to air temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, precipitation totals and maximum snow depth. Further analysis related to numbers of days with precipitation and snow cover, as well as numbers of days with specific air temperatures described as hot (Tmax >25°C), frosty (Tmax <0°C), very frosty (Tmin<-10°C) and icy (Tmax<-10°C). Several climate similarities and differences between the Tatra and Karkonosze Mts. were found to include: 1. mean annual altitudinal gradients for air temperature that are similar for the Tatras (-0.53°C per 100 m) and the Karkonosze (-0.55°C/100 m), 2. the coldest month at the bottoms of both ridges being January, and the warmest July; while top stations feature a 1-month delay, in the sense that February and August are the coldest and warmest months respectively, 3. differing altitudinal gradients of maximum temperature, with the Tatras reporting -0.77°C per 100 m and the Karkonosze – -0. 88°C/100 m, 4. yearly precipitation totals and altitudinal precipitation gradients that are significantly less well-marked in the Karkonosze than in the Tatras (respectively 1212 and 1721 mm, as well as 38.0 and 52.9 mm per 100 m), 5. more precipitation days on Śnieżka than Kasprowy Wierch (237 v 227), 6. relative humidity of air that is highest in autumn and winter below the two ranges, while being highest at the summits in summer, 7. a wind speed in the Karkonosze that is higher than in the Tatras; i.e. 12.2 v 6.6 m/s at the summits, and 2.5 and 1.4 m/s respectively down below, 8. snow cover of 218 days duration at the top of the Tatra Mts., as opposed to 187 days on Mt. Śnieżka. The study also considered multiannual changes in elements of climate over the 1951–2015. Trends achieving statistical significance (with 99, 95% or 90% confidence levels) were confined to just some of the characteristics and stations. Nevertheless, the Tatra and Karkonosze Mts. have experienced an increase in mean annual air temperature – respectively of 0.20–0.27 and 0.22–0.40°C each consecutive 10-year period. Significant changes were also observed for maximum temperature, Tmax equal to 0.35–0.36°C per 10 years in the Tatras and 0.4–0.5°C per decade in the Karkonosze. In the case of precipitation totals the only significant change in value is that noted for Śnieżka top, where the trend is a downward one equal to some 71 mm per 10 years. Where snow cover was concerned, the only effect was a slight decrease in the number of snowy days recorded at Zakopane, located just below the Tatra Mountains L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/70396/PDF/WA51_91749_r2019-t91-z1_Przeg-Geogr-Blazejczyk.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 1 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 1 EP - 62 KW - climate KW - climate change KW - Tatra Mountains KW - Karkonosze Mountains A1 - Błażejczyk, Krzysztof. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 41 T1 - Sezonowa i wieloletnia zmienność niektórych elementów klimatu w Tatrach i Karkonoszach w latach 1951–2015 = Seasonal and multiannual variability of selected elements of climate in the Tatra and Karkonosze Mts over the 1951–2015 period UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/70396 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Landscape ecology and related sub-disciplines like geoecology and comprehensive physical geography are among the most applied of the geographical sciences. Comprehensive diagnosis, evaluation, planning and forecasting of human-environment interactions, as applied to spatial management or physical development, is the main direction in which ecological and landscape knowledge is seen to find application. In the light of that, the research presented here sought to present directions of application of landscape ecology among Polish researchers, in the years 1983-2017. The presentation was in the context of scientific research, with the most important monographs thematically convergent with these directions indicated. In the light of the expert and research achievements to date and the human-resources potential, prospects for the development of the sub-discipline were then outlined. Diagnostic and planning-related environmental studies of a mandatory nature, as well as environmental impact assessments and optional diagnostic studies were the kinds found to have been performed most frequently (accounting for 57% of the total). In turn, among the 35 detailed types of studies identified, the kinds produced most frequently involved thematic maps (mainly of a sozological nature), eco-physiographic studies and environmental impact reports (together accounting for 1/3 of all expert opinions). Expert opinions were most often commissioned by public administration (in 3/4 of all cases), be this local (in 1/3 of cases), regional or central. Expert opinions were most often produced for Commune Offices (26.7%) or the Offices of the Marshals at regional level (10%), or else for Ministries (mainly the Ministry of the Environment), or for industrial or infrastructural enterprises. The greatest numbers of expert opinions originated at the Gdańsk, Warsaw, Poznań, Opole, Łódź and Lublin centres. Landscape ecologists from individual centres specialise in selected directions of application, as is the case for Gdańsk (environmental impact assessments and GIS databases); Warsaw (diagnostic environmental studies); Lublin (studies of the optional type), and Kielce (obligatory planning--related studies). Within the six basic groups of studies – of which four are divided into two subgroups – there are several dozen examples of specific topics of expertise and a similar number of monograph titles presented. Changes in Polish legislation on science and higher education, as introduced in 2018, ay affect the organisation of institutions and research processes. Landscape ecologists will find themselves in two main areas (the social sciences as well as the pure and natural sciences) and disciplines (socio-economic geography and spatial management, as well as earth and environmental sciences), and some will also be found in technical and engineering sciences (environmental engineering, urban planning and architecture). Consequences of this might be either negative or positive, as the development might either activate interdisciplinary contacts or reduce opportunities for cooperation. At the same time, the state rules for assessing applications relating to scientific advancement or applying for funds for research projects still treat participation in the implementation of commercial projects marginally. Among the criteria for assessing the activity of scientific entities (and constituting the basis for their financing), the commercialisation of research in the form of application of scientific work confirmed by enterprises or public administration is also limited. This leaves the fate of Polish landscape ecology as hard to predict unambiguously, though, given the interdisciplinarity and desired directions of research resulting from the challenges of civilisation – the likelihood is that it will remain at the current level, or even develop further. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/70394/PDF/WA51_91726_r2019-t91-z1_Przeg-Geogr-Kistowski.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 1 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 1 EP - 39 KW - landscape ecology KW - geoecology KW - comprehensive physical geography KW - application studies A1 - Kistowski, Mariusz (1963– ). Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 7 T1 - Kierunki polskich zastosowań ekologii krajobrazu w gospodarowaniu przestrzenią po 1982 r. = Polish application of landscape ecology in spatial management post-1982 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/70394 ER - TY - GEN PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 24 cm L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/70393/PDF/WA51_91725_r2019-t91-z1_Przeg-Geogr-Spis.pdf M3 - Text VL - 91 CY - Warszawa PY - 2019 IS - 1 EP - 3 KW - Geography SP - 3 T1 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 1 (2019), Spis treści UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/70393 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - This work should acquaint Polish readers with the current state of knowledge on the impact of that the management of mountain forests exerts on soil and on the circulation of water and matter, including via such phenomena as erosion, sediment transport and flooding. It draws abundantly on foreign review papers on specific issues, at the same time augmenting the theses formulated with findings from most recent works and relating to Polish conditions. This literature review has provided a basis for it to be concluded that: 1) forest management, and above all the associated roads and skid trails, accelerate both water erosion and landslide processes in mountainous areas; 2) the movement of matter along forest roads (by both of the above mechanisms) is usually one to more than two orders of magnitude greater than that occurring on steep forested slopes; 3) unpaved forest roads, skid trails and wood-storage areas are the main sources of sediment in forest areas, while paved roads contribute to accelerated surface runoff; 4) the type and location of roads in mountain forest have a significant impact on the intensity of water erosion and landslides processes, as well as peak flows and resulting flood risk in lower locations; 5) roads and skid trails leading along the slope gradient and directly crossing roads and streams intensify further both erosion and the deposition of sediments into streams; 6) the network of forest roads may contribute by up to several percent to increases in peak flows, as well as the resulting flash floods; 7) in the years immediately following clear-cutting, a two- to four-fold increase in the frequency of large flooding events is to be anticipated; 8) annual streamflow usually increases significantly where at least 20% of the tree basal area in a forest is removed; 9) the return of the hydrological system to its pre-harvest state is extremely slow (lasting up to 80 years); 10) there has recently been no universal confirmation of previously demonstrated associations between streamflow increase in mountain catchments and reductions in plant cover. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/70397/PDF/WA51_91758_r2019-t91-z1_Przeg-Geogr-Affek1.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 1 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 1 EP - 81 KW - mountains KW - timber extraction KW - literature review KW - erosion KW - sediment transport KW - flooding A1 - Affek, Andrzej. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 63 T1 - Wpływ gospodarki leśnej na terenach górskich na wybrane elementy środowiska – aktualny stan wiedzy = Impact of mountain forest management on selected elements of the environment – the current state of knowledge UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/70397 ER - TY - GEN N1 - 24 cm N2 - Although ground mechanised skidding is an economically efficient method of timber extraction, it brings several negative consequences to the natural environment. According to the literature, out of all the different forest operations, it is timber extraction (skidding) and the associated presence of forest roads and skid trails that contribute most to soil compaction, increased erosion, surface runoff and flash floods (see Affek 2019 for review). The objective of our study was thus to assess the size of environmental impacts of logging in the eastern part of the Polish Carpathians with more accuracy and a broader scope than has been achieved before (the results of the first phase of this work being published in Forest Ecology and Management; Affek et al., 2017). To this end, we took twice as large a sample of forest divisions and calculated the density of forest roads and its links to topography. We also estimated the range of any potential edge effect caused by forest roads, and supplemented our analysis with a description of the methods and intensity of timber harvesting in the study area. Within the 15 Forest Districts analysed (comprising 2639 km2 of forested area), we randomly selected 120 Forest divisions (covering 48 km2 in total) for analysis. We used the national LiDAR dataset of countrywide coverage (point density of 4 per m2) to detect forest roads and skid trails. The total length, mean density, mean and maximum inclination, and mean coverage of forest roads were calculated, while the potential combined edge effect of these was also determined. These data were linked with official forest spatial data regarding forest management practices, forest types, age of stands and planned cuts, as well as relevant policy documents, reports and scientific literature. We demonstrated that the mean density of forest roads in the 120 forest divisions selected is 12.48 km/km², including paved and unpaved roads and skid trails. The estimated density for the eastern part of the Polish Carpathians is in the range 11.43-13.53 km/km² (with 95% probability). The obtained confidence interval was lower by 35% when set against the one derived from the analysis of 60 Forest Districts. The length of the entire road network was an estimated 30166-35706 km, equating to some 4.6-5.4% of the forest area being covered by roads. Maximum road inclination in the sampled forest divisions ranges from 9 to 38°, while about 8% of forest roads lead through slopes of more than 20°. Ground skidding by means of skidders, forwarders and agricultural tractors adapted for logging is the most common method of timber extraction in the Polish Carpathians. The total volume of the harvest in the analysed 15 Forest Districts in 2016 was of a planned 1,230,153 m3, equating to an average harvest of 4.62 m3/ha. The most common types of treatment for the current 10-year periods are: late and early thinning (38.5% of the area), gradual thinning improved (35.6%) and early and late cleaning (7%). We concluded that the LiDAR-assessed density of Carpathian logging roads (including skid trails) is among the highest reported in the literature, which translates into disturbed soil structure over approx. 5% of the entire area analysed. The density of forest roads is not related to slope steepness, but the same density of roads in steep terrain obviously has a far greater impact on erosion and sediment transport than is the case in more gentle terrain. The selective harvesting method used today in the Carpathians requires frequent entry of heavy equipment (skidders, forwarders or tractors) into large forest areas, hence skidding now appears to be a bottleneck for sustainable forest management in the Carpathians. One of the possible solutions leading to a more sustainable management of forest resources in the mountains is thus the replacement of ground skidding with environment-friendly cable cars. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/70398/PDF/WA51_91863_r2019-t91-z1_Przeg-Geogr-Affek2.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 1 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 1 EP - 106 KW - forest roads KW - timber extraction KW - skidding KW - LiDAR KW - erosion KW - edge effect KW - East Carpathians A1 - Affek, Andrzej. Autor A1 - Gerlée, Alina. Autor A1 - Sosnowska, Agnieszka. Autor A1 - Zachwatowicz, Maria. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN VL - 91 CY - Warszawa SP - 83 T1 - Oszacowanie skali wpływu pozyskiwania drewna na wybrane elementy środowiska we wschodniej części polskich Karpat = Estimating the impact of logging on selected elements of the environment in the eastern part of the Polish Carpathians UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/70398 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Śleszyński, Przemysław. Autor PB - IGiPZ PAN N1 - 25 pages L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/98319/PDF/WA51_114731_pdf-r2016_Delimitacja-miast.pdf CY - Warszawa PY - 2016 T1 - Delimitacja miast średnich tracących funkcje społeczno-gospodarcze UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/98319 ER - TY - GEN N2 - Urban areas account for around 50% of global solid waste generation. In the last decade, the European Union has supported numerous initiatives aiming at reducing waste generation by promoting shifts towards Circular Economy (CE) approaches. Governing this process has become imperative. This article focuses on the results of a governance analysis of six urban regions in Europe involved in the Horizon 2020 project REPAiR. By means of semi-structured interviews, document analysis and workshops with local stakeholders, for each urban area a list of governance challenges which hinder the necessary shift to circularity was drafted. In order to compare the six cases, the various challenges have been categorized using the PESTEL-O method. Results highlight a significant variation in policy contexts and the need for these to evolve by adapting stakeholders’ and policy-makers’ engagement and diffusing knowledge on CE. Common challenges among the six regions include a lack of an integrated guiding framework (both political and legal), limited awareness among citizens, and technological barriers. All these elements call for a multi-faceted governance approach able to embrace the complexity of the process and comprehensively address the various challenges to completing the shift towards circularity in cities. L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/98317/PDF/WA51_114738_pdf-r2019_Urban-regions.pdf M3 - Text J2 - Urban Planning Vol. 4 No.3 (2019) PY - 2019 IS - 3 EP - 31 A1 - Obersteg, Andreas. Autor A1 - Arlati, Alessandro. Autor A1 - Acke, Arianne. Autor A1 - Berruti, Gilda. Autor A1 - Czapiewski, Konrad Ł. Autor A1 - Dąbrowski, Marcin. Autor A1 - Heurkens, Erwin. Autor A1 - Mezei, Cecilia. Autor A1 - Palestino, Maria Federica. Autor A1 - Varjú, Viktor. Autor A1 - Wójcik, Marcin. Autor A1 - Knieling, Jörg. Autor PB - Cogitatio Press VL - 4 CY - Lisbon T1 - Urban regions shifting to circular economy: understanding challenges for new ways of governance SP - 19 UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/98317 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/85223/PDF/WA51_110615_00167_Wikrowo_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/85223 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/78837/PDF/WA51_97938_00008_Grudziadz_mlyn_wodnyp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/78837 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/78812/PDF/WA51_97847_00007_Gruczno_mlyn_elektrycznyp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/78812 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/78716/PDF/WA51_102768_00001_Bierzglowo_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/78716 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/79689/PDF/WA51_98663_00024_Przysiek_mlyn_wodnyp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/79689 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/79688/PDF/WA51_98644_00023_Marcinkowo_Dolne_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/79688 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/79686/PDF/WA51_98514_00022_Slupski_Mlyn_mlyn_wodnyp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/79686 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/79683/PDF/WA51_98444_00021_Bydgoszcz_mlyn_wodnyp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/79683 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/86114/PDF/WA51_112016_00201_Lubna_Jaroslaj_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/86114 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/86108/PDF/WA51_112000_00200_Annoslaw_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/86108 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/86104/PDF/WA51_111987_00199_Ciezkowice_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/86104 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/86103/PDF/WA51_111984_00198_Siedlatkow_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/86103 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/86096/PDF/WA51_111957_00196_Milonice_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/86096 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/86089/PDF/WA51_111914_00195_Bujny_Szlacheckie_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/86089 ER - TY - GEN L1 - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/86172/PDF/WA51_112109_00209_Zagorki_Kolonia_wiatrakp.pdf M3 - Text UR - http://www.rcin.org.pl/igipz/dlibra/publication/edition/86172 ER -